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Information will be coming soon

Originally posted 2009-11-04 22:42:16. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Information on Corydoras aeneus is coming soon

Originally posted 2009-12-03 21:30:13. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Family: Aplocheilidae

Distribution: Like the rest of the Epiplatys species, Epiplatys longiventralis is found in Africa, specifically the south-eastern coast of Nigeria.  They prefer swampy areas of small streams and swamps around the area of Niger Delta.

PH: 7.0 pH

Temperature: 22 – 28°C (72 – 82 °F)

Hardness: 9 gdH

Description: Growing to a maximum length of 5-10cm, this species can vary in their appearance.  Epiplatys longiventralis appear quite similar to Epiplatys sexfasciatus infrafasciatus; however there are distinctive characteristics such as the former having a slimmer body form, shorter dorsal fins, and fewer red spots on their flanks. Fry will display multiple (8+) transverse bars whilst will disappear (female) or reduce (males) as they mature.

Although there are no available reports on the temperament of Epiplatys longiventralis, ecological reports demonstrate that it can live in harmony with other species (see Recommended Compatible Species section).

These are not seasonal killifish.

Diet: As Epiplatys longientralis is rare in captivity, there is no information available on suitable diets.  Aquarists may attempt the average Epiplatys diet of high-quality flakes and live foods in order to discover your species’ preferences.

Breeding: Due to the rarity of this fish being kept in captivity, there is very limited available breeding information.  Breeding of Epiplatys longiventralis is considered to be difficult.  If choosing to attempt breeding, a tank of clean, soft water is required, along with high-quality foods.

Successful cross-breeding in captivity with Epiplatys sexfasciatus infrafasciatus has yielded a fertile F1 generation.  As such hybrids have not been found in nature, they are not yet recognised as a valid species

Comments: Epiplatys longiventralis is difficult to keep in aquariums, therefore information is scarce.  For these purposes, general information regarding the killifish species has been included.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: In its natural habitat, Epiplatys longiventralis co-exists with Epiplatys sexfasciatus infrafasciatus and grahami.  They should also live happily with Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They also should be good tank mates with Discus, Apistogramma‘s like Apistogramma Cacatouides and Apistogramma Borelli, Corydoras Catfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppy and Platy and most Gourami (such as the Blue Gourami and Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also should live happily with most Danio (particularly the Zebra Danioand Pearl Danio)  and also many other Killifish could make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2010-04-09 08:37:17. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Information will be coming soon

Originally posted 2009-11-05 03:22:11. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Family: Cambaridae

Distribution: Procambarus clarkii has its origins in the south-central United States and north-eastern parts of Mexico.  It can now be found in the River Nile, Japan, Hawaii, and areas of Western Europe, including Spain and Portugal.  This crayfish is found in slow streams, swamps, ponds and ditches; it will not be seen in fast-flowing streams.

PH: 7.5 – 8.0

Temperature: 19 – 29°C (66 – 85°F)

Hardness: 8 – 18 °d

Description: The Red Swamp Crayfish can grow as large as 20 cm in length, but is usually 10.5 – 12 cm.  The body is dark red and segmented, and its abdomen has a black stripe on it.  This species uses its appendages for feeding.  This species can live from 2 – 5 years; some individuals have made it to six years.

Diet: The Red Swamp Crayfish is a carnivore and will eat anything.  It has a preference for insect larvae, snails and tadpoles, and is not adverse to eating worms and other dead animals.

Breeding: This species has an internal process of fertilisation.  The male’s sperm will enter the female at the bottom of her legs, where the eggs are fertilised and then released.  The female will create a water current in a bid to drive the eggs into her pleopods.  The eggs will remain there for six months before becoming larvae.  It will take three months for the young to become sexually mature.

Comments: This species should, given its size, be tanked in a 40 litre aquarium at the very least.  The Red Swamp Crayfish is quite aggressive and will destroy vegetation or decorations in your tank, so provide it with a substrate for it to burrow in, along with several hiding places.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: Procambarus clarkii is a very territorial species and should not be housed with other crayfish.  Do not keep it with slow, small, or long-finned fish as the crayfish will make light work of them.  This crayfish is best kept in a one-species tank.

Originally posted 2010-01-24 19:31:46. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Apistogramma hongsloi (Redstripe Dwarf Cichlid)
Information will be coming soon

Originally posted 2009-11-07 22:18:49. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Family: Characidae

Distribution: The Firefin Tetra is found in the Parana River in Argentina, South America.  It reportedly enjoys streams and tributaries found in mountains.

PH: 6.7 – 7.4 pH

Temperature: 21 – 24 °C (70 – 75 °F)

Hardness: 3 – 15 dH

Description: Another peaceful and active Hyphessobrycon species, the Firefin Tetra is on the lower end of the size scale, reaching 3-5cm when grown.  Ensure you have at least six to shoal at a time, preferably more.

Yet again the females are bulkier than the males and miss out on the vibrancy of the male colouration.  A translucent fish, Hyphessobrycon igneus displays a blue hue on its body and bright metallic blue tips to the distal portion of fins.  The caudal fin lobes also have a splash of red from the base.  Below the iris is a large blue pigmentation.  A yellow line is apparent that runs from the head, skits across the eye and continues down to the base of the caudal fin.

Diet: Use a staple diet of flakes or pellets supplemented with live foods such as daphnia, micro worms or insect larvae.

Breeding: Whilst there are no reports of successful aquarium breeding, it is suggested that the method used to breed Hemigrammus boesemani is used.

Set up a separate breeding tank with a pH of 5.5 – 6.5, gH of 1 – 5, and temperature that is consistant with the normal tank.  They prefer very dim lighting, so keep the tank out of direct sunlight and include floating plants for top cover and dense plantation around the sides.  As the parents will eat the eggs, include some sort of mesh or netting at the bottom of the tank so the eggs may fall through but the parents cannot reach them.  Remove the parents after spawning.  Soft filtration is also required for the set up.

The eggs will hatch in just over 24 hours, and the fry will be swimming around 3-4 days later.  Feed the fry on infusoria for the first few days and then move onto microworm or baby brine.  Both eggs and fry are extremely sensitive to light, so keep the tank in as much darkness as possible.

Hemigrammus igneus may be spawned in groups (half a dozen of each sex) or in pairs.

Comments: The Firefin Tetra is adaptable and will survive in either an Amazonian biotope tank or in the general Hyphessobrycon one.  If using a general set up, ensure the lighting is diffused, there is good plantation and that the water is tannin-stained (bogwood or leaves).  It requires a tank of at least 70L.

Despite the hardiness of Hyphessobrycon igneus, it is rare in retail trade.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: They should live happily with other Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They also should be good tank mates with Discus, Apistogramma‘s like Apistogramma Cacatouides and Apistogramma Borelli, Corydoras Catfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppy and Platy and most Gourami (such as the Blue Gourami and Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also should live happily with most Danio (particularly the Zebra Danio and Pearl Danio)  and also many Killifish could make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2010-04-21 06:03:40. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Gymnocorymbus ternetzi (Skirt Tetra)
Information will be coming soon

Originally posted 2009-11-05 03:50:09. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Family: Characidae

Distribution: The Red Base Tetra can be found in Guyana, Brazil and Colombia, South America.  They prefer the moderately-moving water off the main waterways.

PH: 6.5 – 7.0 pH

Temperature: 24 – 28°C (75 – 82°F)

Hardness: 5 – 8 dH

Description: Hemigrammus stictus has a vibrant red spot where the caudal fin meets the body.  The body base colour is silver or gold, and is iridescent.  They also sport a black spot just behind the gills.  The fins are mostly transparent, with a slightly dark shading to them.  They will reach a length of 6cm.

The females can be distinguished as they are more rotund and often larger.

The Red Base Tetra is peaceful and will thrive in a shoal.  They make a good addition to any community aquarium.

Diet: Once Hemigrammus stictus has settled down in its new aquarium it will be a remarkably easy fish to feed.  They prefer flakes or pellets as the staple, with occasional treats of brine shrimp and blood worms.

Breeding: Hemigrammus stictus can be difficult to breed, although it is possible.  They require acidic, well-filtered water in a tank with some plantation (not too dense).  The parents need to be removed after they have spawned.

The eggs will hatch within 24 hours and the fry will be free swimming immediately.  Feed them with rotifer and Infusoria initially, and after about 5 days with baby brine shrimp.

Comments: The Red Base Tetra requires a well-planted aquarium with lots of hiding places made with rocks, wood or PVC pipes.  Dark colours will really make the colours of this species pop.  Use subdued or dimmed lighting.

Due to the difficulty with breeding and their sensitivity of nitrate, Hemigrammus stictus is not recommended for beginners.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: They should live happily with other Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They also should be good tank mates with Discus, Apistogramma‘s like Apistogramma Cacatouides and Apistogramma Borelli, CorydorasCatfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppy and Platy and most Gourami(such as the Blue Gouramiand Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also should live happily with most Danio (particularly the Zebra Danioand Pearl Danio)  and also many Killifish could make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2010-04-20 15:43:03. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Chaetodontoplus caeruleopunctatus (Blue-spotted Angel)
Information will be coming soon

Originally posted 2009-11-08 22:43:24. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Achiridae

Distribution: Trinectes maculatus, commonly known as the Hogchoker, has its origins in the Western Atlantic, from Massachusetts and the northern Gulf o Mexico down to Venezuela, South America.  This species is found in coastal and fresh waters, and can reach a depth of 75 metres.

PH: 6.0 – 8.0

Temperature: 5°C – 22C (41 – 72F)

Salinity: 1.005

Description: Trinectes maculatus can reach a length of 20 cm in an aquarium.   This species is usually brown to dark brown in its colouration and is has a series of spots and stripes across its body.  Its tail and fins are frayed at the sides for camouflage purposes.  This species has both its eyes and mouth on the right side of its body.  Its eyes are small and it has a white underside.

Diet: Trinectes maculatus will eat all foods that sink to the bottom of the tank.  You should avoid feeding this species any vegetables; it is best to stick to live foods and, if you train it well enough, some sinking pellets.

Breeding: Hogchokers do not breed in aquariums.  It is likely they spawn at sea or in estuaries, but there is little information available on their breeding habits as yet.

Comments: Trinectes maculatus should be housed in a tank that is at least 20 gallons in volume.  This fish will spend a lot of its time attached to driftwood, rocks and the glass. It should not be kept in freshwater; keep the water slightly brackish at around the 1.005 mark.  Make sure the substrate you use is soft and fine; a gravelly substrate can hurt this fish.  Importantly, the Hogchoker needs a high oxygen concentration in its tank. This species requires a moderate level of care and is probably not suitable for beginners.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: Trinectes maculatus should not be kept with small defenceless species because while they are not that predatory, they may just eat small tank mates.  You can keep Hogchokers with top-dwellers such as hatchetfish, killifish and rainbowfish.

Originally posted 2010-01-26 22:18:34. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Family: Aplocheilidae

Distribution: Epiplatys barmoiensis can be found in swampy areas and small rivers that run through forests in Guinea, Sierra Leone and western Liberia (Africa).

PH: information currently unrecorded because it is very difficult to keep in an aquarium

Temperature: 24-27°C (°F)

Hardness: information currently unrecorded because it is very difficult to keep in an aquarium.

Description: Growing to a maximum size of 6.5-7cm, Epiplatys barmoiensis have more ornate fins than many of their relatives.  Whilst base colours still include grey, gold and brown, they can encompass greens and reds and reflect the plant life around them.  All fins have radial lines and spots (larger at the edges), as well as being outlined in bright, almost metallic-looking colours.

Males are differentiated from females by a longer, pointed anal fin.

Epiplatys barmoiensis is not a seasonal fish.

Diet: information currently unrecorded because it is very difficult to keep in an aquarium

Breeding: Breeding has been successfully achieved in captivity, although reported much slower than with other relatives.  The eggs can be laid at the base or the top of plants or spawning mops, however will not be copious.

Rainwater may encourage higher or more often spawning rates.

Sexual maturity is not reached until 8-9 months.

Comments: This fish is rare in the aquarium hobby and as such, the information is scanty.  For these purposes, we have included general information pertaining to the killifish species.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: unknown – It is safe to assume that they will live happily with Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They are also great tank mates with Discus, Apistogramma‘s like Apistogramma Cacatouides and Apistogramma Borelli, Corydoras Catfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppy and Platyand most Gourami (such as the Blue Gourami and Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also can live happily with most Danio (particularly the Zebra Danio and Pearl Danio)  and also many other Killifish make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2010-03-31 05:45:24. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Family: Mochokidae

Distribution: Synodontis nigriventris, commonly known as Blotched Upside-down Catfish, is a freshwater species found in the Congo River basin and the Kasai and Ubangi drainages, Africa.  There are reports it has also been seen in Makaka, outside the Congo River basin. 

PH: 6.0 – 8.0

Temperature: 22°C – 26C (72 – 79F)

Hardness: 5 – 12 dH

Description: Synodontis nigriventris can reach a maximum length of around 10 cm in an aquarium. This catfish has a pale grey to cream colouration and dark blotches over its body; it has a black belly and dark-spotted fins.  It also has large, very narrowly separated eyes, and a dorsal spine with a very smooth anterior face.  The Blotched Upside-down Catfish swims upside down, giving it its common name.

Diet: The Blotched Upside-down Catfish eats insect larvae in the wild; it an aquarium environment it can be given tablets and a quality flake, along with the occasional servings of Daphnia and bloodworm.

Breeding: Synodontis nigriventris should be fed live foods before spawning.  It will appreciate hiding spots – upturned flowerpots or PVC pipe will suffice – to conduct its spawning in.  The eggs will hatch after about two days and the fry should be free swimming within 3 – 4 days.  You can offer the youngsters a diet of freshly hatched brine shrimp.

Comments: A group of Synodontis nigriventris should be kept in a tank of at least 10 gallons.  Your tank should be well-planted – broad-leaved plants are ideal – and you can add driftwood, rocks and caves for hiding locations.  You should ensure the water is moderately soft and a gravel substrate is in place.  This species is easy to look after and is therefore suitable for beginners.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: Synodontis nigriventris is a peaceful species that should be kept in groups.  They will live happily with most Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetraand Black Tetra). They are also great tank mates with Discus, Apistogramma‘s like Apistogramma Cacatouides and Apistogramma Borelli, CorydorasCatfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppyand Platyand most Gourami(such as the Blue Gourami and Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also can live happily with most Danio(particularly the Zebra Danioand Pearl Danio)  and also many Killifish make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2010-01-26 11:57:29. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Chaetodon miliaris (Millet Seed Butterflyfish)
Information will be coming soon

Originally posted 2009-11-06 10:15:20. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Labridae

Distribution: Halichoeres nebulosus are found throughout the sub-tropical and tropical marine waters of the Indian Ocean, including the Red Sea.  Additionally, the Nebulosus Wrasse has been found off the north-western coast off Western Australia, and from the Northern part of the Great Barrier Reef to the Central coast of New South Wales in Australia.  It inhabits reef flats, rocky shores, and reef margins.

PH: 8.2

Temperature: 23°C -28°C (74 – 82F)

Salinity: 1.023 – 1.028 (at 25°C)

Description: The Clouded Rainbowfish can be differentiated from other Halichoeres by its characteristic boomerang-shaped pink cheek marking.  As the fish matures, this distinctive marking will become more distinct and vibrant in colour.  This pinkish layer of spots and streaks is found all over its body.  Commonly called Nebulosus Wrasse or Cloud Wrasse, it grows up to 12cm long.  The females are normally less radiantly coloured although still display their distinctive pinkish eye and cheek band.

Diet: Feed your Nebulosus Wrasse twice a day on brine shrimp, top quality flaked food, small shrimp, krill, flatworms and mysid shrimp.  While they prefer live food, it will feed on frozen offerings as well.

Breeding: Like other wrasse, Halichoeres nebulosus can change sex during their life to maintain the balance of dominance in a harem, which consists of a dominant male and multiple females in their natural marine environment.  The females release their eggs into the water and the ocean currents take them away.  As such, they are notoriously difficult to breed in captivity.

Comments: The peaceful Nebulosus Wrasse is suitable for a moderately experienced aquarist.  If its requirements are met, this fish is quite hardy.  This powerful swimmer needs rockwork, a big sand bed and caves in which to hide.  They are reef-safe and will co-exist happily in a marine aquarium.

Choose a 500L aquarium and ensure it has a tight-fitting lid as these fish are excellent leapers.

Tip: These fish are no longer known as Octocyodon nebulosus but much of the educational material relating to this fish will still refer to it as such.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species:

While Nebulosus Wrasse are usually peaceful and happy community marine dwellers, they can get aggressive with fellow tankmates.

Depending on the size and temperament of your wrasse, potential tankmates could include the hogfish, parrotfish, pseudochromis, squirrelfish, puffers, tangs and surgeons and live corals.

Originally posted 2010-03-15 20:22:20. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Family: Characidae

Distribution: Hyphessobrycon ecuadorensis is endemic to the Guayas River basin in South America.

PH: 5.5 – 7.0 pH

Temperature: 24 – 27°C (75 – 81°F)

Hardness: 12 gdH

Description: Reaching a maximum length around 2cm, they are one of the smallest of the Tetra family.  Hyphessobrycon ecuadorensis are similar to their relatives: generally peaceful and preferring to be kept in groups of at least 6.

This species have a silver body with a blue-green shimmery gleam under lights.  The fin colour varies from pinks to red.  The sexes can be differentiated through the finnage: the males sport a hooked anal fin and will often have more colourful fins.

Diet: Flakes and pellet foods are a good staple for the diet of your Hyphessobrycon ecuadorensis, however there will need to be a variety of both to keep them interested.  If you want to show off their colours to their best, include frozen or live foods such as blood worms or brine shrimp.  Remember to crush the flakes and pellets and to chop up the meaty food finely, as their mouths are tiny.

Breeding: Separate a year-old female and a year-old male into two conditioning tanks.  They should be fed with insect larvae and Drosophila for two-to-three weeks, when they can then be introduced into a breeding tank.  A 38L tank is sufficient size for the small Hyphessobrycon ecuadorensis.

The breeding tank should have a temperature of 24 – 26°C (75 – 79°F), a pH of 5.5 – 6.5, and dH of 2 – 4.  It must be kept consistently clean and in the dark.  It does not require any substrate, simply some fine-leaved plants and soft filtration (such as a foam or sponge).

The pair should spawn within three days – if not, repeat the process.  Hypessobrycon ecuadorensis spawn into the leaves of the plants and should be removed immediately after the eggs are laid (cannibalistic).  The eggs will hatch within 2 days, and the fry will be free-swimming a few days after that.  The fry can be fed on micro-organisms and baby Brine Shrimp for the first ten days, and then on crushed flake foods.  The water should be partially changed on a weekly basis.

Comments: When setting up an aquarium, you must include: dense plantation along sides and back; an open area for swimming in the centre; dimmed light (keep out of direct sunlight and use floating plants); a dark substrate (will make the colours pop); wood, shells, PVC pipes or other items to provide other hiding spaces; and it will require a slow to moderate current.

If you want to include live plants in the tank, ensure they have broad leaves.  Hyphessobrycon ecuadorensis will nibble on the finer-leaved variety.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: They should live happily with other Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They also should be good tank mates with Discus, Apistogramma‘s like Apistogramma Cacatouides and Apistogramma Borelli, Corydoras Catfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppy and Platy and most Gourami (such as the Blue Gourami and Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also should live happily with most Danio (particularly the Zebra Danio and Pearl Danio)  and also many Killifish could make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2010-04-21 02:06:18. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Characidae

Distribution: The location of Hyphessobrycon langeanii can only be narrowed down to Brazil in South America.

PH: 6.0 – 7.5 pH

Temperature: 22 – 28 °C (72 – 82 °F)

Hardness: 2 – 15 dH

Description: Hyphessobrycon langeanii is one of the somewhat larger specimens of the Hyphessobrycon species, attaining a mature length of 6cm.

Hyphessobrycon langeanii is characterised by a single round or oval (but unusually well-defined) spot in the humeral region.  It also sports a large horizontal blemish in the caudal area, a dark narrow stripe is apparent on the caudal fin rays, and a wider but fainter dark stripe mid-laterally.

As they are rare, there is a lack of information regarding such things as specific social behaviours.  The Hyphessobrycon species is generally peaceful, active and non-aggressive.  They are good additions to any community or species-specific tank.

Diet: The Hyphessobrycon species thrive on omnivorous diets.  Give your Hyphessobrycon langeanii a diet that is primarily flakes or pellets with occasional live foods as treats, and it will thrive.

Breeding: Due to its rarity, successful captivity-bred reports have yet to be unearthed.  If you manage to find a pair and want to try it yourself, it is suggested you follow the general Hyphessobrycon method.

First separate a male and a female (at least one year old) into two conditioning tanks.  Feed them live foods for about three weeks before introducing them into the breeding tank.  They should breed within 24 hours, but give them three days and, if no eggs appear, repeat the conditioning process.

Remove the parents once they have spawned or you may find they’ve eaten all the eggs.  They will hatch after 24 hours and the subsequent free-swimming fry should be fed Infusoria.  Once they are big enough, start them on baby brine shrimp.

As it is unknown whether the eggs of the Hyphessobrycon langeanii are light-sensitive or not, you should err on the side of caution and keep them in as much dark as possible.

Comments: Hyphessobrycon langeanii is uncommon in the hobby and therefore there is limited information available.  Consequently, information pertaining to the Hyphessobrycon species in general has been included.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: They should live happily with other Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They also should be good tank mates with Discus, Apistogramma‘s like Apistogramma Cacatouides and Apistogramma Borelli, Corydoras Catfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppy and Platy and most Gourami (such as the Blue Gourami and Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also should live happily with most Danio (particularly the Zebra Danio and Pearl Danio)  and also many Killifish could make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2010-04-21 06:27:08. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Family: Poeciliidiae

Distribution: Poecilia velifera, known also as Sailfin Molly, is a benthopelagic, Central American species distributed in the Yucatan-Quintana Roo and lower Usumacinto-Laguna de Terminos systems.   

PH: 8.0

Temperature: 25°C – 28°C (77 – 82F)

Hardness: 13 – 19 dH

Description: Poecilia velifera can reach up to 15 cm in length; females can grow even larger.  It is very similar in appearance to Poecilia latipinna, save for the Sailfin Molly’s dorsal fin markings, which are small, light and round as opposed to dark and rectangular. This beautiful fish has blue-green sides with green, silver or pale blue dots.  The dots are interspersed with dark blue to copper colour bands; these reach down to the caudal fin.  Females have a less intense colouration to males.

Diet: Poecilia velifera can be fed a varied diet of flake, live-food and freeze-dried food.  You should supplement the live and flake food with some plant material to keep it healthy. 

Breeding: Poecilia velifera is a livebearing species and therefore very easy to breed.  You might like to add a little bit of aquarium salt to aid the spawning process.  You can ease the stress on the female by having one male to every three females when attempting to spawn.  Females can store the male’s sperm for a length period of time; multiple sets of fry can be born from one fertilisation.  As with Poecilia sphenops, you should separate the adults from the young fry because they have been known to cannibalise their young.

Comments: This top-middle dwelling species will require at least a 20 gallon tank.  You should provide plenty of plants and hiding places for spawning.  This species will get sick if kept in an entirely salt-free environment; one teaspoon of salt to two gallons of water is sufficient.  Poecilia velifera can tolerate lower temperatures but you should beep the temperature at the measurements listed above.  This species is easy to breed and is therefore highly recommended to beginners.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: The Sailfin Molly will live happily with most Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They are also great tank mates with Discus, Apistogramma‘s like Apistogramma Cacatouides and Apistogramma Borelli, CorydorasCatfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppy and Platy and most Gourami(such as the Blue Gourami and Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also can live happily with most Danio (particularly the Zebra Danioand Pearl Danio)  and also many Killifish make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2010-01-17 21:26:11. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Information will be coming soon

Originally posted 2009-11-04 23:10:46. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Family: Labridae

Distribution: The Red Shoulder Wrasse live in the reef-associated, tropical marine environments of the Indo-Pacific, Indian Ocean and Eastern Pacific oceans.  They live in depths of up to 30 metres.  They prefer the clear, shallow waters of reef flats, lagoons and seaward reefs.

PH: 8.2

Temperature: Unknown

Salinity: 1.020 – 1.024

Description: The males grow up to 15cm long while the females only reach 8cm.  Males exhibit a series of thin blue line along their sides.  Females are mainly bluish grey with white spots and a red mark on their pectoral fin.

Diet: Feed your Red Shoulder Wrasse twice a day on brine shrimp, top quality flaked food, small shrimp, krill, flatworms and mysid shrimp.

Breeding: Like other wrasse, Red Shoulder Wrasse, or Dotted Rainbowfish, can change sex during their life to maintain the balance of dominance in a harem, which consists of a dominant male and multiple females in their natural marine environment.  The females release their eggs into the water and the ocean currents take them away.  As such, they are notoriously difficult to breed in captivity.

Comments: Mimic their natural environment by providing a sandy base in a marine set-up.

Tip:  Information about keeping the Red Shoulder Wrasse in the aquarium hobby is very limited so use information sources based on the general Labridae family.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: In the wild, they live alone or in small groups so it doesn’t really matter if you keep one or more of these in your tank.  They are considered reasonably peaceful although can display minor aggression in community aquariums.

Depending on the size and temperament of your wrasse, potential tankmates could include the hogfish, parrotfish, pseudochromis, squirrelfish, puffers, tangs and surgeons and live corals.

Originally posted 2010-03-15 20:08:11. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Ajamaru lakes Rainbowfish

Melanotaenia ajamaruensis

Family: Melanotaeniidae

Distribution: First collected in 1955 by Dr. M. Boeseman, former Curator of Fishes of the Rijksmuseum in Leiden, the Ajamaru lakes Rainbowfish is endemic to the Ajamaru Lakes area near the centre of the Vogelkop Peninsula in Irian Jaya, Indonesia. Despite an extensive scientific expedition by Heiko Blehler to the region in 1982, the species has not been observed since 1955.
Located at the headwaters of the Ajamaru River, the Ajamaru lake is estimated to be of no more than 33 feet (10 metres) deep, is located 180 feet (55 metres) above sea level and is situated in a region surrounded by low hills. Abundant in flourishing plant life, this lake is almost clear, very alkaline and is located in a swampy basin.
PH: At least 8.0. Keep it very alkaline in order to mimic that of Ajamaru Lake.
Temperature: Approx 26°C
Hardness: 5 gDH approx based on the hardness of Lake Ajamaru.
Description: Very little is known about the social habits, gender traits and temperament of this reclusive freshwater tropical fish although we can infer similarities from its relative, the showy and exquisitely beautiful, Melanotaenia boesemani (Boeseman’s Rainbow).
It is known that the Ajamaru lakes Rainbowfish grows to an estimated 8.5 – 11cm (max 4.3 inches). Its colouration is believed to be similar to that of Melanotaenia boesemani, a vibrant green to yellow, based on dead preserved specimens.
Diet: Unknown.
Breeding: Melanotaenia ajamaruensis have never been bred in an aquarium. In their natural environment, this species distinctly pair, are open stream egg scatterers and do not guard their eggs. It is not known how they would react in a captive environment.
Comments: The Ajamaru lakes Rainbowfish have not been kept in aquariums so the information given here is purely theoretical, and based on its current natural habitat. If you could mimic Ajamaru lake as much as possible by keeping the water clear and highly alkaline, this species could, in theory, be a potential for the aquarium environment.
By providing your fish with an array of places in which to hide and populating your tank with abundant, closely grown plant life could enhance your chance for a healthy environment. Of course, obtaining an actual Melanotaenia ajamaruensis would be your biggest hurdle given that they haven’t been seen for the last 54 years.
Based on what we know of the similar Melanotaenia boesemani and how they react in aquariums, we could infer that the Ajamaru lakes Rainbowfish would be peaceful and perfectly at home in larger, community tanks.
Article/Books:
Setting up a Tropical Aquarium Week by Week
Culturing Live Foods: A Step-By-Step Guide to Producing Food for Your Home Aquarium
Today’s Essential Guide to Growing Aquarium Plants: The Aquamaster Series

Originally posted 2009-11-03 03:42:50. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Family: Characidae

Distribution: The Cerrado region of the Upper Xingu River basin in Brazil is where Hyphessobrycon loweae choses to make its home.  It displays a preference for shallow streams with sandy bottom, clear water, minimal vegetation and small rocks.

PH: 6.0 – 7.5 pH

Temperature: 22 – 28 °C (72 – 82 °F)

Hardness: 2 – 15 dH

Description: Hyphessobrycon loweae is not as brightly coloured as the majority of his Hyphessobrycon relatives.  A semi-transparent species, this fish has a dull grey hue.  It has a faint yellow stripe running from the snout, along each side to the caudal fins; as well as a yellow stomach and sports of yellow on the body at the base of the anal, pelvic and dorsal fins.  Sitting just before the caudal fins is a darker gray spot, elongated horizontally.  The nose of Hyphessobrycon loweae is red; its mouth is orange and has a two-town eye: red above the iris and blue below.  The dorsal fin is a pale red and elongated; the caudal is yellow and also sports a spot on each ray; and the rest are orange.

It is small member of the Hyphessobrycon family, growing a touch over 3cm in the tank.

Diet: The Hyphessobrycon species thrive on omnivorous diets.  Your Hyphessobrycon loweae will enjoy a diet that is primarily flakes or pellets with occasional live foods as treats.

Breeding: Due to its rarity, successful captivity-bred reports have yet to be unearthed.  If you manage to find a pair and want to try it yourself, it is suggested you follow the general Hyphessobrycon method.

First separate a male and a female (at least one year old) into two conditioning tanks.  Feed them live foods for about three weeks before introducing them into the breeding tank.  They should breed within 24 hours, but give them three days and, if no eggs appear, repeat the conditioning process.

Remove the parents once they have spawned or you may find they’ve eaten all the eggs.  They will hatch after 24 hours and the subsequent free-swimming fry should be fed Infusoria.  Once they are big enough, start them on baby brine shrimp.

As it is unknown whether the eggs of the Hyphessobrycon loweae are light-sensitive or not, you should err on the side of caution and keep them in as much dark as possible.

Comments: Hyphessobrycon loweae is uncommon in the hobby and therefore there is limited information available.  Consequently, information pertaining to the Hyphessobrycon species in general has been included.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: They should live happily with other Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They also should be good tank mates with Discus, Apistogramma‘s like Apistogramma Cacatouides and Apistogramma Borelli, Corydoras Catfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppy and Platy and most Gourami (such as the Blue Gourami and Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also should live happily with most Danio (particularly the Zebra Danio and Pearl Danio)  and also many Killifish could make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2010-04-21 06:31:37. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Rhamphochromis sp. “Lake Chilengali”
Information will be coming soon

Originally posted 2009-11-06 10:26:45. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Family: Prochilodontidae

Distribution: Semaprochilodus insignis, also known as Insignis Prochilodus, is native to Brazil Guyana, Peru, Columbia and Ecudaor; it feeds mostly in floodplains but migrates and spawns in the river channels.

PH: 5.5 – 7.5

Temperature: 22°C – 26C (72 – 81F)

Hardness: 1 – 15 dH

Description: Semaprochilodus insignis can reach a maximum length of around 27 cm. This species is very closely related to Semaprochilodus taeniurus in shape and colour; the difference is that Semaprochilodus insignis has a dark marking on its gill plate that fades in time.  Mature females have rounder bellies than males.

Diet: Semaprochilodus insignis, an omnivore, leans more towards vegetables than live food.  Provide it with vegetables – spinach, lettuce, algae wafers and cucumber – along with some dried foods and bloodworm on occasions.

Breeding: There is not a great deal of information available on this species regarding tank breeding.  They haven’t been known to spawn in tanks because of the migratory patterns they have in nature; Semaprochilodus insignis migrates twice a year and may travel hundreds of kilometres doing so.

Comments: Semaprochilodus insignis should be kept in a tank of at least 540 litres.  Your tank should have a river sand substrate and a few driftwood branches; avoid a densely planted tank as it will devour soft-leaved species.  This species is semi-rare and very tough to breed, making it suitable for hobbyists with some experience.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: Semaprochilodus insignis may flare up at members of its own species and should be kept in groups of six in large tanks.  You could house it with large characins, Loricariids, peaceful cichlids, knifefish, freshwater stingrays and Doradids.

Originally posted 2010-01-26 11:14:47. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Chelmon rostratus (Copperband Butterflyfish)
Information will be coming soon

Originally posted 2009-11-05 22:18:03. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Family: Characidae

Distribution: Hemigrammus melanochrous hails from the middle of the Madeira River basin in Brazil, South America.

PH: 6.0 – 7.5 pH

Temperature: 22 – 28°C (72 – 82°F)

Hardness: 2-15 gdH

Description: Hemigrammus melanochrous will reach a length of 3cm in captivity.  The Hemigrammus species is generally peaceful, sociable and perfect for community tanks.  They should be kept in shoals of at least 6 in order to keep them at their healthiest mentally.

Due to their rarity within the hobby, there is little data available regarding Hemigrammus melanochrous specifically; therefore, information such social habits, sexual dimorphia, and appearance is unavailable.

Diet: The Hemigrammus species usually thrive on an omnivorous diet consisting of flakes and live foods.  Aquarists are advised to ensure the food is in small pieces so that Hemigrammus melanochrous may fit it into their mouths.

Breeding: As there is limited information available regarding Hemigrammus melanochrous, the general method accepted for the Hemigrammus species has been included.

Breeders should separate a male and female Hemigrammus melanochrous from both the shoal and from one another.  These two fish should be around one year old.  Condition them on insect larvae.  A breeding tank consisting of peat-filtered water, dense plantation, natural lighting (only) and a slightly higher temperature should be set up.  Introduce the duo into the breeding tank.  If spawning does not occur within three days, repeat the process.  If it fails a second time, try switching one of the partners.

The parents should be removed once they’ve spawned because they are carnivorous and will eat the eggs.  The newly-hatched fry should be fed on very small food particles such as Infusoria, micro-organisms, baby brine shrimp and flake foods.

Breeding results will generally be quite high, if their natural pattern is anything to go by: in the wild, they can double their original population in a little over a year.

Comments: A shoal of Hemigrammus melanochrous can be kept by themselves in a 40L tank.  However, if you’re aiming for a community tank, you will need at least double the size.  Dense plantation along the sides and back is required, as well as a large open space in the centre for swimming space.  If wanting to show off the colouration to its finest, use a dark substrate.  Top floating plants should also be included in order to diffuse the light.

The Hemigrammus species is a fairly hardy one, and thus is suitable for an aquarist of any experience level.

As Hemigrammus melanochrous is fairly undocumented within the hobby, general information pertaining to the Hemigrammus species has been included.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: They should live happily with other Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They also should be good tank mates with Discus, Apistogramma‘s like Apistogramma Cacatouides and Apistogramma Borelli, CorydorasCatfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppy and Platy and most Gourami(such as the Blue Gouramiand Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also should live happily with most Danio (particularly the Zebra Danioand Pearl Danio)  and also many Killifish could make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2010-04-20 14:30:57. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Apistogramma staecki

Family: Cichlidae

Distribution: This South American dwarf cichid is found in the Amazon River basin, in the Mamoré and Guaporé River basins.

PH: 6 – 6.5

Temperature: 24°C – 28°C (75°F – 82°F)

Hardness: 2 – 5 dH

Description: Apistogramma staecki males grow to a length of 2.1 cm, while females can reach almost double the size at 4 cm.

Diet: Apistogramma staecki cichlids are most likely carnivorous and should be fed small live food.  You could feed this species a varied diet of flake, small pellets, mysis, blood worms, brine shrimp and chopped-up shrimps.

Breeding: If you keep your water conditions true to the recommendations, you will have no problem breeding this species.  However little actual information is available on this species, so it is best left to experienced hobbyists.

Comments: As with all Apistos, you should provide plenty of hiding spaces and spawning areas for Apistogramma staecki. You could easily house several of this species in a 30 gallon tank.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species:
Apistogramma can be great community fish and live happily with most Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They are also great tank mates with Discus, Corydoras Catfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppy and Platy and most Gourami (such as the Blue Gourami and Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also can live happily with most Danio (particularly the Zebra Danio and Pearl Danio)  and also many Killifish make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2009-12-15 07:28:17. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Family: Characidae

Distribution: The South American region that includes the middle Negro and Amazon basins as well as the upper Orinoco River basin is where Hemigrammus mimus makes its home.

PH: 6.0 – 7.5 pH

Temperature: 22 – 28°C (72 – 82°F)

Hardness: 2-15 gdH

Description: The Hemigrammus species is usually peaceful and sociable.  They thrive in shoals of at least 6-8 and are generally ideal additions to community tanks.  Hemigrammus mimus will grow to only 2.8cm in captivity, making it one of the smallest of the Hemigrammus species.

Hemigrammus mimus are fairly uncommon in the hobby and therefore information such social habits, sexual dimorphia, and appearance is unavailable.

Diet: Hemigrammus mimus will enjoy an omnivorous diet of flakes and live foods such as brine shrimp and Tubifex.  Cut up the food so that it can fit the small mouths of the species.

Breeding: Due to their uncommonness within the hobby, there is limited information available regarding breeding Hemigrammus mimus; therefore, the general method accepted for the Hemigrammus species has been included.

Breeders should separate a male and female Hemigrammus mimus from both the shoal and from one another.  These two fish should be around one year old.  Condition them on insect larvae.  A breeding tank consisting of peat-filtered water, dense plantation, natural lighting (only) and a slightly higher temperature should be set up.  Introduce the duo into the breeding tank.  If spawning does not occur within three days, repeat the process.  If it fails a second time, try switching one of the partners.

The parents should be removed once they’ve spawned because they are carnivorous and will eat the eggs.  The newly-hatched fry should be fed on very small food particles such as Infusoria, micro-organisms, baby brine shrimp and flake foods.

Breeding results will generally be quite high, if their natural pattern is anything to go by: in the wild, they can double their original population in a little over a year.

Comments: A shoal of Hemigrammus mimus can be kept by themselves in a 40L tank.  However, a community tank will need to be at least double the size.  Dense plantation along the sides and back is required, as well as a large open space in the centre for swimming space.  If wanting to show off the colouration to its finest, use a dark substrate.  Top floating plants should also be included in order to diffuse the light.

The Hemigrammus species is a fairly hardy one, and thus is suitable for an aquarist of any experience level.

Hemigrammus mimus is unusual in the hobby, there is a scarcity of information.  Subsequently, general information regarding the Hemigrammus species has been included.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: They should live happily with other Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They also should be good tank mates with Discus, Apistogramma‘s like Apistogramma Cacatouides and Apistogramma Borelli, CorydorasCatfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppy and Platy and most Gourami(such as the Blue Gouramiand Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also should live happily with most Danio (particularly the Zebra Danioand Pearl Danio)  and also many Killifish could make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2010-04-20 14:36:24. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Family: Cichlidae

Distribution: The Aulonocara auditor, or Kapesa, is a sand-dwelling cichlid that can be found in Lake Malawi.  At present it is known to be present only in the northern part between Ngara and Vua.

PH: 7.8 – 8.6

Temperature: 25°C – 28°C (78°F – 82°F)

Hardness: 15 – 30 dH

Description: The Aulonocara auditor has three series of spots on its flank and at the base of the dorsal fin.  It has a maximum length of 8 cm and is mostly peaceful in temperament.

Diet: Aulonocara auditor cichlids are carnivores and should be fed live meat where possible.  You can feed it shrimp, flake, food pellets and bloodworms.  In the wild this species feasts upon sand-dwelling invertebrates.

Breeding: The female Aulonocara auditor is a maternal mouthbrooder.  Severe stress can force the females to spit their eggs out prematurely, so try not to move the fish around during this period.  Ensure there are plenty of hiding spaces for the female during spawning.

Comments: This species will appreciate hiding spaces and sandy areas; it will hover around the middle-lower sections of your aquarium.  You should house it in a medium size tank.  This species is not hard to look after and will suit newcomers to the hobby.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: Similarly sized fish of a peaceful temperament can be housed with Aulonocara cichlids.  However, some Aulonocara cichlids have been known to breed with each other, so avoid housing with other Aulonocara sp. unless you want to encourage interbreeding.

Originally posted 2009-12-14 21:35:29. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Centropyge flavicauda (Whitetail Pygmy Angel)
Information will be coming soon

Originally posted 2009-11-08 22:38:25. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Family: Atyidae

Distribution: The exact origin of the Snowball Shrimp is unknown, although it was bred in Germany as a hybrid.

PH: 6.5 – 7.0

Temperature: 20 – 28°C (68 – 82°F)

Hardness: 3 – 25 dH

Description: The Snowball Shrimp, which grows up to 2.5 – 3 cm in length, is transparent with a milky-white body and black or brown eyes.  Both sexes have the same colour intensity, and the female produces bright white eggs.

Diet: This Neocaridina feasts upon algae mostly, but can be fed live and frozen foods on occasions.

Breeding: The Snowball Shrimp doesn’t have a larval stage and has the same breeding habits as the Blue Pearl Shrimp.  It generally takes between 30 – 45 days for its eggs to hatch.  Breeding is easy: this is a very prolific species.

Comments: This species can be kept in a tank as small as 12 litres in volume.  Provide sand and plenty of plants for Snowball Shrimp to thrive.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: There is not a great deal of information as to compatible species, but given its small size, avoid housing Snowball Shrimp with predatory fish.  Remember that housing Neocaridinas together can lead to interbreeding.

Originally posted 2010-01-21 19:47:38. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Melanochromis cyaneorhabdos (Electric Blue Maingano)
Information will be coming soon

Originally posted 2009-11-07 07:03:48. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Family: Osphronemidae

Distribution: Colisa chuna, known commonly as Honey Gourami, is an Asian freshwater species found mostly in pools, ponds and inundated fields.  It is distributed in the rivers and lakes of India and Bangladesh.

PH: 6.0 – 8.0

Temperature: 22°C – 28°C (72 – 82F)

Hardness: 5 – 19 dH

Description: Colisa chuna fish usually reach a maximum length of around 7 cm.  This species has an honey-yellow base colour with a silver touch that becomes more prominent near the belly.  It has a dark brown band that stretches from its eye to the beginning of the caudal fin; the ventral fin is orange; the anal fin has a reddish colour at its tip.  The only real difference between this species and Colisa lalia is the Honey Gourami is slightly slimmer.

Diet: Colisa chuna are relatively unfussy when it comes to feeding.  You can give this species a typical diet of fish flakes, worms and granules.  You can also feed it insects and crustaceans on special occasions.

Breeding: This species can breed prolifically in a tank environment.  The male creates a nest – combining bubbles with plants – before courting the female.  She will release the eggs inside the next, where the male will fertilise between 300 – 800 eggs.  Make sure you take the female from the tank as soon as the eggs are released, as the male is the sole carer of the eggs until hatching.  Funnily enough, the male will be tempted to eat the young as soon as they have hatched – after caring for them during the egg phase – so remove him as soon as the fry are out in the open.

Comments: Colisa chuna will reside in the top side of your aquarium, so leave some ventilation holes at the top of your tank for it to breathe at the surface.  You should put rooted – and floating – plants in your tank, while providing shelter in the form of rocks and roots.  Your tank should be at least 75 cm long to allow this species plenty of swimming space.  This fish is quite easy to maintain and is suitable for beginners.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: They will live happily with most Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They are also great tank mates with Discus, Apistogramma‘s like Apistogramma Cacatouides and Apistogramma Borelli, Corydoras Catfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppy and Platy and most Gourami (such as the Blue Gourami and Dwarf Gourami) Also can live happily with most Danio (particularly the Zebra Danio and Pearl Danio)  and also many Killifish make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2010-01-05 20:54:04. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Family: Melanotaeniidae

Distribution: Lakamora Rainbowfish are found in Lake Lakamora and Lake Aiwaso of the Triton Lakes in Western New Guinea.

PH: 7.0 – 8.0

Temperature: 24°C – 27°C (75 – 81F)

Hardness: 6 – 14dH

Description: Melanotaenia lakamora grow up to 5.5cm and exhibit a beautiful silver reflective body with dark mid-lateral stripes and orange-yellow fins and tail.  The males are more deeper bodied than the females.

Diet: Lakamora Rainbowfish will thrive on a mixed nutritious omnivorous diet with a base of flake or pellet food and weekly live or frozen food treats.

Breeding: While Lakamora Rainbowfish are not common in the aquarium hobby anymore, it has been said by expert aquarists that they can be quite simple to breed. It is suggested that you feed your breeding pairs larger quantities of live food than usual to get them into breeding condition. Set up a separate breeding tank with abundant fine leaved plants, like java moss, or provide artificial spawning mops.

The eggs will hatch within two days and should be removed to a separate tank to avoid predation.  Feed on baby brine shrimp or similar.

Comments: These fish are currently uncommon in the aquarium hobby despite the fact that they are easy to keep and suitable for any enthusiastic, knowledgeable aquarist.  This has not always been the case and they are certainly available for purchase within aquarist circles.

Lakamora Rainbowfish do best in community and species aquariums that provide large open swimming areas.  Cater for their occasionally timid nature by providing hiding spots created by drift wood and dense aquatic vegetation.  Make sure your tank has a tight-fitting lid as they have been known to jump.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species:

Rainbowfish are a great community species in terms of their temperament and apart from other Rainbowfish species they also live happily with most Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They are also great tank mates with Discus, CorydorasCatfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbaiand Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppyand Platy and most Gourami(such as the Blue Gourami and Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also can live happily with most Danio(particularly the Zebra Danioand Pearl Danio)  and also many Killifish make great tank mates. One thing you should take into consideration when housing rainbows with these recommended species is the water quality. Temperature and Hardness are similar but P.H. can be quite different, although it is not ideal, if you keep your water at a P.H. of 7 this should keep your community happy.

Rainbowfish are schooling fish and should be kept in groups consisting of at least six individuals, preferably no less than 10-15. Mix it up with enough females to give them a rest when the males are on the chase, but provide enough males to bring out their vibrant colours when they are in competition for female attention. Whilst this is beneficial to the health and wellbeing of the fish, a large school is rewarding for the aquarist because a school of iridescent Rainbowfish is more dramatic to the eye than a few shy fish peeking out from behind dense vegetation.

Originally posted 2009-11-22 12:39:37. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Family: Caridina

Distribution: The Bee Shrimp, a direct relative of the popular Crystal Red Shrimp, originates from southern China.

PH: 6.5 – 7.5

Temperature: 18 – 26°C (64 – 78°F)

Hardness: 4 – 6 gH; 1 – 2 kH

Description:  The Bee Shrimp comes in a wide range of patterns.  Its distinctive feature is its four white dots on the tail, orange-brown tail and nose.  Males are 2.5 cm in length; females reach 3 cm.  Only wild Bee Shrimps show the orange colouration.  This lack of colour is possibly the reason why the Bee shrimp doesn’t attract quite the same fanfare its popular red-hued cousin does.  Hobbyists tend to have a preference for bright, distinctive species; this species lacks the bold colours of other shrimp.

Diet: Bee Shrimp are omnivores and can be fed a typical dwarf shrimp diet.  The Bee Shrimp is an algae eater, but sinking food, along with specific Bee Shrimp food, will be well received.  Flake food, pellets or algae wafers will also do nicely.

Breeding: The Bee Shrimp and the Crystal Red Shrimp breed in virtually the same way.  This shrimp takes a slightly longer time to mature and hatch compared to other Dwarf Shrimp.  You should be reasonably experienced in shrimp keeping if you are thinking of breeding this species.

Comments: The Bee Shrimp needs soft, slightly acidic water for it to be happy.  It requires specific water conditions, so be vigilant in checking and updating your tank.  Your tank should be at least 20 gallons in volume and containing live plants so as to maintain water quality.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: The Bee Shrimp is a non-aggressive, active shrimp which will thrive in an aquarium with no predators.  Be careful to avoid housing with other Caridinas; interbreeding can be an issue within this genus.

Originally posted 2010-01-18 08:20:56. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Information on Corydoras punctatus “Spotfin Cory” will be coming soon

Originally posted 2009-12-03 21:33:40. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Information will be coming soon

Originally posted 2009-11-05 03:31:44. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Crenicichla johanna (Red-finned Pike Cichlid)
Information will be coming soon

Originally posted 2009-11-06 08:50:44. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

Fish Tropical Fish Aquariums Fish experts Aquarium

Family: Characidae

Distribution: Triportheus magdalenae is a benthopelagic freshwater species that is found in South America’s Magdalena River basin, in Columbia.  It is the only member of this genus known from this region.

PH: 5.0 – 7.5

Temperature: 22°C – 30C (72 – 86F)

Hardness: 0 – 20

Description: Triportheus magdalenae can reach a maximum length of 19 cm.  It has one longitudinal scale row between its pectoral-fin insertion and the ventral keel, as opposed to the usual Triportheus practice of having two longitudinal scale rows.  It has an elongated body and a silvery-yellow colouration.  The outline of the posterior margin of its caudal fin is dark.  Males reportedly have a more elongated body than females, but sexing is nonetheless difficult.

Diet: Triportheus magdalenae will presumably take most foods in an aquarium environment, including live, frozen and dried foods. 

Breeding: Like so many members of its genus, there is not a great deal of information available on this species’ breeding habits.

Comments: Triportheus magdalenae should be housed in a tank at least 180 litres in volume, perhaps larger.  Triportheus magdalenae is rarely seen in the aquarium environment and there is scant information available, which means it is probably better suited to experienced hobbyists.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: Triportheus magdalenae should be housed with peaceful, similar-sized species that have similar tank requirements.   

Originally posted 2010-01-27 01:56:18. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Anostomidae

Distribution: The species Anostomus plicatus is distributed in South America’s Essequibo River basin.

PH: 5.0 – 6.0

Temperature: 24 – 28°C (75 – 84°F)

Hardness: 5 – 12 dH

Description: There is little information on Anostomus plicatus available.  This freshwater species can reach up to 10 cm in length.

Diet: We can presume that this species, like Anostomus anostomus, is an omnivore and will accept flake, algae, frozen foods and small live foods such as freeze-dried bloodworms and shrimp.  However there is no actual information available as to this species’ diet.

Breeding: There is little information on this species’ breeding habits.  It most likely breeds in a similar fashion to Anostomus anostomus.  Assuming this is the case, you should separate the males and females and stacking them up on live foods, before reintroducing them into the tank.  If you are successful in getting this species to spawn, you should take the parents from the tank immediately: they have a tendency to eat the eggs.

Comments: You should provide this species with at least a 50 gallon tank.  Provide roots, plants and caves for effective housing.  Not much is known about this species in the aquarium world.

Article/Books

Recommended Compatible Species: Anostomus plicatus could probably be housed with the same species Anostomus anostomus is compatible with: peaceful cichlids, Rainbowfish, Guppies, Platies, Swordtails, Loaches, Mollies, and Barbs.  However there is no specific information available on this species.

Originally posted 2010-01-26 11:31:32. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Labeo cyclorhynchus (Variegated Shark)
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Originally posted 2009-11-06 08:57:51. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Helostomatidae

Distribution: The Kissing Gourami prefers slow-moving bodies of water with high vegetation (ponds or marshes).  They can be found in Thailand, Java, the Malay Peninsula, Cambodia, Indonesia, Borneo and Sumatra.

PH: 6 – 8.8 pH

Temperature: 22 – 28 °C (72 – 82°F)

Hardness: 5 – 19 dH

Description: The two common names derive from (obviously) the two variations of colour and this species’ mouths.  In the wild, Helostoma temminkii is grey-green; however, they are pink when bred in captivity.  The former also display horizontal stripes and have dark fins, whilst the later have transparent fins.  Their mouths have thick lips (making the fish appear to be pouting or “kissing”) with very fine teeth inside.

The body of Helostoma temminkii is elongated and flat, although rounded.  It has a labyrinth organ, meaning it is able to take in atmospheric oxygen directly into the bloodstream.  They require ample surface area so they can regulate their oxygen intake.  The dorsal fins and anal fins of the Kissing Gourami are long and will actually measure the same length.  The pectoral fins are enlarged; and their caudal fin is concaved.  There are no distinguishable sex differences, until they are breeding.

Individual Helostoma temminkii will demonstrate varying degrees of aggression.  Whilst they are suitable community tank fish when young, as they mature they can become more territorial.  It is best to keep them with species of a similar size.  The males may challenge one another to determine ‘top dog’ (or ‘top fish’, in this case).

Diet: Kissing Gouramis are extremely easy to feed.  They are omnivourous and will happily exist on a diet of high-quality flakes or pellets as well as some live foods such as brine shrimp or worms.  They may also accept vegetables.

Breeding: As long as your community tank does not include species that are cannibalistic, you may not need a separate breeding tank.  They like floating plants.  The eggs laid are lighter than the water and thus will float to the surface where they are almost always ignored by the parents.  They will hatch within a day and two days later the fry are happily swimming around.

Comments: Helostoma temminkii are a particularly hardy fish and can be kept by anyone with time and enthusiasm.  It is recommended that the water should be changed weekly (approximately 25% per week) in order to keep good water conditions.

They also appreciate some plants within a large tank.  In a community set up, this will allow harassed fish a place to hide, as well.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: Try your Gourami with large species with a range of personalities.  Keep an eye on how they interact and do not use any fish that will provoke aggression as Helostoma temminkii will fight back. They should live happily with Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They also should be good tank mates with Discus, Apistogramma‘s like Apistogramma Cacatouides and Apistogramma Borelli, Corydoras Catfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppy and Platy and most Gourami (such as the Blue Gouramiand Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also should live happily with most Danio (particularly the Zebra Danioand Pearl Danio)  and also many Killifish could make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2010-04-17 21:37:33. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Apistogramma Salpinction

Family: Cichlidae

Distribution: Apistogramma Salpinction is a new species, discovered in 2005, that is found in Brazil, South America

PH: 6 – 6.5

Temperature: 24°C – 28°C (75°F – 82°F)

Hardness: 2 – 5 dH

Description: This species of Apistogramma differs in its colour pattern. Darker abdominal stripes and a lateral band, along with lighter interspaces on the caudal peduncle, give the Apistogramma Salpinction an individual appearance.  Females differ to males in that their anterior half of lateral side of pelvic fin is black, along with no blotch on their chest.  The Apistogramma Salpinction has a maximum length of 3.4 cm (males).

Diet: It is best to keep a quality flake or smallish pellets as its staple diet.  Treats such as blood worm, brine shrimp and daphnia can be used as treats to keep this species interested in food.

Breeding: This species, while little is known about it, presumably spawns in typical Apisto fashion.

Comments: You could house this species in a 20 gallon tank.  Provide plenty of spawning sites and hiding places, particularly if you are keeping Apistogramma Salpinction in a tank with other species.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species:
Apistogramma can be great community fish and live happily with most Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They are also great tank mates with Discus, Corydoras Catfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppy and Platy and most Gourami (such as the Blue Gourami and Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also can live happily with most Danio (particularly the Zebra Danio and Pearl Danio)  and also many Killifish make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2009-12-15 07:24:38. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Originally posted 2009-11-05 07:49:19. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Hoplarchus psittacus (True Parrot Cichlid)
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Originally posted 2009-11-06 09:30:54. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Rocio octofasciata (Electric Blue Jack Dempsey)
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Originally posted 2009-11-05 21:47:21. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Amphiprion sebae (Sebae Clownfish)
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Originally posted 2009-11-06 22:54:01. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Lebiasinidae

Distribution: Copella arnoldi, commonly known as the Splash Tetra, is a South American freshwater species distributed near the banks of slow rivers with heavy vegetation.  It is found in the lower Amazon River, Guyana and the Rio Paru.

PH: 6.0 – 8.0

Temperature: 25°C – 29°C (77 – 84F)

Hardness: 5 – 12 dH

Description: Copella arnoldi is a small species that will grow a maximum of 4 cm in a tank environment, although they may be larger in the wild.  The Splash Tetra has an olive-green to brown body, and a white belly.  A dark stripe makes its way from the gills to the caudal fin, and a copper-coloured line features directly above the black band.  This species has an elongated body; males are slightly larger than females.

Diet: Copella Arnoldi is omnivorous and has similar feeding habits to Copeina guttata. It will accept a varied diet of fish flakes, pellets, frozen foods and vegetables, but should also be given live food such as brine shrimp, insect larvae and small flying insects.  Basically, it will accept anything given to it.

Breeding: The Splash Tetra has a distinctive breeding behaviour.  The pair will find a plant that grows above the water’s surface, and swim towards it together.  They will then jump out of the water at the same time; the female will deposit 6 – 8 eggs for fertilisation by the male.  This will continue until about 200 eggs have been laid.  It is the male’s job to watch over the nest and spray water – using his tail – onto the eggs to keep them in good shape.  These eggs will hatch in 2 – 3 days, and the male will stop caring for them at this point.

Comments: Copella arnoldi is best kept in a tank of at least 10 gallons in volume.  This species is quite hardy but careful attention should be paid to water quality.  You can add plants to your tank – a well-planted tank is recommended – along with flat rocks and several hiding places.  Make sure your tank can receive morning sunlight, and be sure to put a tight-fitting lid on your aquarium to stop Copella arnoldi from jumping out.  This species is definitely suitable for newcomers to the aquarium hobby.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: The Splash Tetra is a very peaceful species – and a great community fish.  They will live happily with most Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They are also great tank mates with Discus, Apistogramma‘s like Apistogramma Cacatouides and Apistogramma Borelli, Corydoras Catfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppy and Platy and most Gourami (such as the Blue Gourami and Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also can live happily with most Danio (particularly the Zebra Danio and Pearl Danio)  and also many Killifish make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2010-01-15 12:53:04. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Cyprinidae

Distribution: Puntius conchonius, better known as Rosy Barb, is an Asian freshwater species found in Pakistan, Afghanistan, India, Nepal, Bangladesh, and has been reported in Myanmar.  It is distributed in lakes and fast-flowing hill streams.   

PH: 6.0 – 8.0

Temperature: 18°C – 22C (64 – 72F)

Hardness: 5 – 19 dH

Description: Puntius conchonius can reach a maximum length of 14 cm.  This barbel-less species has a slight lateral compression and a black spot near its caudal peduncle.  It has a copper to green-gold back and metallic, bright orange to red flanks.  Males, during spawning, turn a deep, bright red colour.  Females are slightly larger than males; this species is beautiful and undemanding, which makes it one of the most desirable aquarium fish available.   

Diet: The Rosy Barb is an omnivorous species that feeds upon worms, insects and crustaceans in the wild.  In an aquarium environment, Puntius conchonius could be fed a variety of flake foods in addition to this live-food diet.

Breeding: Puntius conchonius is an egg scatterer and does not display parental care; remove the adults immediately once the eggs appear.  The Rosy Barb will drop its eggs in densely planted areas.  Provide a marble substrate and a water level of 3 – 8 inches when attempting to breed.  This species can be spawned in a ratio of one male to two females; you should feed the adults up on live-foods to increase chances of effective spawning.  Eggs – hundreds of them – will hatch in 24 – 30 hours and the fry can be fed roftiers, liquid food and powdered flake food after the yolk sac stage has finished.

Comments: You should tank this species in a tank with a capacity of at least 20 gallons.  Add plenty of plant life to the corners of your tank and leave large open swimming spaces.  The main tank’s substrate should be either a fine gravel or sand.  You should make frequent partial water changes as opposed to large amounts of new water.  This is one of the easiest species to keep and is highly recommended to beginners.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: Puntius conchonius is a lively schooling fish that should be kept in groups of at least 8 – 10.  Avoid housing this boisterous species with quiet, shy fish.  Danios, Gouramis, Doradids, Loricariids and Loaches will all make excellent tank mates for this robust species.

Originally posted 2010-01-18 08:27:27. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Gasteropelecidae

Distribution: Carnegiella schereri, better known as the Marbled Hatchetfish, is distributed in the upper middle levels of South America’s Amazon River basin; Columbia’s Caquetta River; and in Guyana, Peru, Suriname and Brazil.  It prefers to swim in places with plenty of surface vegetation, such as forest streams and tributaries.

PH: 5.0 – 8.0

Temperature: 24°C – 28°C (75 – 84F)

Hardness: 5 – 19 dH

Description: Carnegiella strigata can reach a maximum length of 3.5 cm.  One of the better-known members of the Gasteropelecidae family, the Marbled Hatchetfish displays a gold stripe from its eye down to its caudal fin, and below lies a cream and brown, marbled pattern.  Males and females are difficult to sex unless the female is carrying eggs, at which point they are visible through her body.  The Marbled Hatchetfish has a life expectancy of up to five years.

Diet: This surface dwelling species will enjoy a mostly live-food diet, primarily of insects, brine shrimp, bloodworms and black mosquito larvae.  It will also most likely accept various small, dry foods over time.

Breeding: Like with all Hatchetfish, breeding in an aquarium environment is exceedingly difficult.  In some successful cases the water used was soft and acidic, with the adult pair conditioned with live foods.  It is important to remove the parents as soon as the eggs are laid in case they decide to devour them.

Comments: Carnegiella schereri should be housed in a tank of at least 27 litres in volume.  Make sure you keep a cover on your tank to prevent this species from jumping out onto the kitchen floor, as this is probably the most likely species of Hatchetfish to jump out of your tank.   You might like to provide a slight current for this species to swim against.  It is recommended you cover the water’s surface with floating plants to simulate its natural environment, and perhaps some driftwood and a sand substrate elsewhere in the tank.  Breeding difficulties aside, Carnegiella strigata is a relatively easy species to look after and is recommended to newcomers to the hobby.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: Carnegiella strigata is a peaceful – but sometimes nervous – species that will not compete well with others for food.  It is best to tank it with small fish that will stay in different levels of the tank.  They will live happily with most Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They are also great tank mates with Discus, Apistogramma‘s like Apistogramma Cacatouides and Apistogramma Borelli, Corydoras Catfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppy and Platy and most Gourami (such as the Blue Gouramiand Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also can live happily with most Danio (particularly the Zebra Danio and Pearl Danio)  and also many Killifish make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2010-01-05 12:29:04. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Originally posted 2009-11-09 07:11:01. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Cyprinidae

Distribution: Puntius ticto, commonly known as Ticto Barb, is an Asian species found in India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand and Bangladesh, among still, shallow, muddy-bottomed rivers. 

PH: 6.5 – 7.0

Temperature: 14°C – 22C (57 – 72F)

Hardness: 3 – 10 dH

Description: Puntius ticto can reach a maximum length of around 10 cm.  It is a golden-silver colour and has a black spot just above the pectoral fin, with a second spot near the caudal.  Males have a brighter colouration and spotted dorsal, pelvic and anal fins; females, in contrast, are fatter and have a drabber colouration.    

Diet: This omnivore eats anything you give it in an aquarium environment.  A quality dried food product can serve as a base diet, but supplement this with live and frozen foods such as Daphnia and Artemia.

Breeding: Feed Puntius ticto on live foods before attempting to spawn them.  This egg-scattering species is easy to breed – best done in pairs – and will spawn in the morning time.  Don’t leave the adults alone with the eggs as they will eat them if given the chance.  The eggs will hatch in 24 – 30 hours and the fry will be swimming freely in a further 24 hours.  You should make small daily water changes – 10 to 20 per cent should be sufficient – until the fry has reached 3 – 4 months of age.

Comments: You should house a small group of Puntius ticto in an 89 litre tank.  Provide a heavily-planted tank – twisted roots, smooth rocks and stones – and a dark substrate.  It is advised you provide some surface vegetation, along with plenty of open area for swimming.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: Puntius ticto should be kept in groups of at least 8 – 10.  It is a friendly species that works very well in a community tank, and can be kept with Danios, Gouramis, Rasboras, Loricariids and Corydoras.  Puntius ticto, unlike other Puntius, does not nip at the fins of longer-finned tank mates.

Originally posted 2010-01-24 19:24:43. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Gobiidae

Distribution: Brachygobius xanthozona, better known as the Bumble Bee Goby, is a species distributed mostly in the estuaries of Asia, including parts of Western Indonesia, India, Thailand and South Vietnam.

PH: 7.5 – 8.5

Temperature: 24°C – 30°C (74 – 86F)

Hardness: 12 – 18 dH

Description: Brachygobius xanthozona will reach a maximum of 5 cm in length and can be expected to live for only 2 – 3 years. This species has an elongated, round body, with a base colour of honey-yellow.  It has a series of black vertical bands across its body – one over its head region, two covering the body and the last band starting at its tail.  As it ages, the black becomes less intense and the yellow becomes more obvious.

Diet: The Bumble Bee Goby, like Brachygobius nunus, can be a fussy eater and has a distinct preference for live foods, particularly brine shrimp and bloodworms  You may consider offering it flake or other dried or frozen foods – whiteworms and beef hearts are both excellent options.

Breeding: When ready to breed, males will lose their distinctive black stripes and display a more intense yellow colouration.  Females’ bellies will turn very rounded when carrying eggs.  The male will choose a cave and lure the female into it, and the male will fertilise the eggs which the female has deposited in the cave.  You should add some freshwater to your tank to simulate the rainy season: the period in which this species spawns in the wild.  Males will guard the eggs until hatching, but remove both parents just before hatching to prevent them eating their young.  The fry can be fed infusoria until they grown large enough to eat freshly hatched brine shrimp.

Comments: The Bumble Bee Goby, like the Golden Banded Goby, requires brackish water conditions and, as such, may not be the best option for newcomers to the hobby.  They can be quite territorial and will require plenty of hiding spots in the form of upturned pot plants.  Keep this species in a tank of at least 20 gallons in volume.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: Brachygobius xanthozona will live happily with most Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They are also great tank mates with Discus, Apistogramma‘s like Apistogramma Cacatouides and Apistogramma Borelli, Corydoras Catfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppy and Platy and most Gourami (such as the Blue Gouramiand Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also can live happily with most Danio (particularly the Zebra Danio and Pearl Danio)  and also many Killifish make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2010-01-05 11:39:58. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Originally posted 2009-11-04 21:58:27. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Plectorhinchus albovittatus (Giant Sweetlips)
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Originally posted 2009-11-06 10:12:19. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Originally posted 2009-11-05 03:45:42. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Originally posted 2009-11-05 06:03:59. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Nandopsis haitiensis (Black Nasty Cichlid)
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Originally posted 2009-11-05 11:01:20. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Characidae

Distribution: Hyphessobrycon luetkenii can be found in the river basins in Uruguay and Paraguay, as well as in the Paraíba do Sul River in Rio de Janeiro.

PH: 6.0 – 7.5 pH

Temperature: 22 – 28 °C (72 – 82 °F)

Hardness: 2 – 15 dH

Description: One of the larger Tetras, Hyphessobrycon luetkenii will reach a length of 7cm when mature.  Another fish that is dull in colour, this species has an overall yellow-to-silver colouration (the back mainly dark yellow and fading into silver on the stomach).  Their fins are mostly transparent with a dark yellow hue that fades out from the base.  Hyphessobrycon luetkenii also sport a large, dark spot behind the gills; as well as a thick black line that starts from the caudal fins and fades just before it reaches the spot.

As they are unusual in the hobby, there is limited information available regarding social behaviours.

Diet: A diet that is balanced with both flakes and live foods is suitable for your Hyphessobrycon luetkenii.  Use flakes or pellets as their staple and treat them with occasion live foods.

Breeding: As this fish is uncommon in the hobby, there are currently no breeding reports (successful or otherwise) available.  If you want to try your hand at it, it is recommended you use the common Hyphessobrycon method.

Begin by place a year old male and a year old female in separate conditioning tanks.  Feed them on live food (blood worms and the like) for three weeks before you transport them into a breeding tank.  Ensure the tank has fine-leaved plants, dim lighting, soft filtration and a warm temperature (26°C).  It may take up to three days for the pair to spawn.  If nothing has happened, repeat the conditioning process.

Remove the parents-to-be from the tank once eggs appear on the leaves, before they start to devour them.  The roe will begin to hatch after 24 hours and once the fry are free swimming try feeding them baby brine, Infusoria or crushed flake.

As it is unknown whether the eggs of the Hyphessobrycon luetkenii are light-sensitive or not, you should err on the side of caution and keep them in as much dark as possible.

Comments: Hyphessobrycon luetkenii is rare in the hobby and therefore there is limited information available.  Subsequently, information pertaining to the Hyphessobrycon species in general has been included.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: They should live happily with other Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They also should be good tank mates with Discus, Apistogramma‘s like Apistogramma Cacatouides and Apistogramma Borelli, Corydoras Catfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppy and Platy and most Gourami (such as the Blue Gourami and Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also should live happily with most Danio (particularly the Zebra Danio and Pearl Danio)  and also many Killifish could make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2010-04-21 06:33:47. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Characidae

Distribution: Hyphessobrycon agulha is endemic to the Madeira River basin in South America.  The Madeira River starts in Manaus, Brazil and flows into the Amazon.

PH: 7.0 – 8.0 pH

Temperature: 23 – 26°C (73 – 79°F)

Hardness: 7 – 12 dH

Description: A friendly and sociable fish, Hyphessobrycon agulha reaches a length a tad over 4cm in captivity.  They are lively and an eye-catcher when they dart around the tank.

Hyphessobrycon agulha presents with a thick black line along their sides, starting just behind the gills and finishing about the anal fin.  Their fins are transparent, occasionally showing a tinge of blue on the frontal edge, with radial lines.  The upper quarter of their eyes is a bright red, making them appear to have eyeshadow.  Their scales are somewhat iridescent, with a large area below the thick black line, ending a little before it does.

Diet: Feed your Hyphessobrycon agulha an omnivorous diet consisting primarily of flakes and pellets, with occasional live and frozen foods (twice a week).

Breeding: It is recommended that the general Hyphessobrycon breeding method is followed.  There is little information on the success of breeding within the tank; however the species is proficient within the wild.

Separate a pair of one year olds into two conditioning tanks.  They should be fed with insect larvae and Drosophila for two-to-three weeks, when they can then be introduced into a breeding tank.  For the smaller species, a 38L tank is sufficient size.

The breeding tank should have a temperature of 24 – 26°C (75 – 79°F), a pH of 5.5 – 6.5, and dH of 2 – 4.  It must be kept consistently clean and in the dark.  It does not require any substrate, simply some fine-leaved plants and soft filtration (such as a foam or sponge).

The pair should spawn within three days – if not, repeat the process.  Hypessobrycon agulha spawn into the leaves of the plants and should be removed immediately after the eggs (up to 300) are laid.  The eggs will hatch within 2 days, and the fry will be free-swimming a few days after that.  The fry can be fed on micro-organisms and baby Brine Shrimp for the first ten days, and then on crushed flake foods.  The water should be changed weekly, but only partially; changing all the water at once will be too much of a shock.

Comments: Similar to the Hemigrammus species, set up the tank for the Hyphessobrycon agulha with plantation along the sides and back, but a large area for swimming.  The plants should have small leaves.  Use a dark coloured substrate; they prefer it and it will also show off their colours.  Use soft lighting – natural with top floating plants to diffuse the lights.

They are suitable for beginners as they have a high resilience to illness and are easy to feed.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: They should live happily with other Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They also should be good tank mates with Discus, Apistogramma‘s like Apistogramma Cacatouides and Apistogramma Borelli, Corydoras Catfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppy and Platy and most Gourami (such as the Blue Gourami and Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also should live happily with most Danio (particularly the Zebra Danio and Pearl Danio)  and also many Killifish could make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2010-04-20 16:40:46. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Copadichromis borleyi “Gold Fin”
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Originally posted 2009-11-05 21:15:51. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Originally posted 2009-11-05 23:22:23. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Cambaridae

Distribution: The Dwarf Crayfish originates from Lago de Patzcuaro, Mexico.

PH: 6.5 – 8.5

Temperature: 10– 26°C (50 – 79°F)

Hardness: 12 – 15 GH

Description: Male Orange Dwarf crayfish will grow a whopping 4 cm in length; females will be slightly smaller.  It will show different tones of orange depending on the individual, and can be moulted or striped.  The ones with good genes have a bright orange colouration.

Diet: Crayfish, by nature are scavengers: they’ll eat whatever they can get.  Plain shrimp pellets and flake food will do the job; crayfish will sometimes eat their own moults to pick up lost nutrients.

Breeding: The male Orange Dwarf will transfer sperm to the female; she will hold this sperm for as long as she feels it is safe to extract the eggs.  Eggs will take around 30 days to hatch.  You may have some difficulty breeding this species simply because the young are so small and sensitive.

Comments: You can house many adults in a 10 gallon aquarium.  Males can display aggression towards other males.  If there is not enough space for the young to move around in, they may cannibalise each other.  You might consider using gravel or sands in your aquarium, and make sure you give the cambarellus patzcuarensis plenty of places to hide.  You can provide upside down pot-plants as hiding spaces.  This species can be difficult to maintain and, as such, is possibly not the best choice for newcomers to the hobby.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: Due to its small size, this species will not threaten other tank mates.  It can be housed with small, non-aggressive fish.

Originally posted 2009-12-20 10:45:46. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Characidae

Distribution: Hyphessobrycon albolineatum can be found in the Autana River in the Orinoco River basin, South America.

PH: 7.0 – 8.0 pH

Temperature: 23 – 26°C (73 – 79°F)

Hardness: 7 – 12 dH

Description: Hyphessobrycon albolineatum will reach a maximum length of around 2.5cm in the tank.

They are rare in the hobby and therefore information regarding specific behaviours and colours is scarce.  In general, the Hyphessobrycon species are peaceful, active and perfect community tank fish.  They often thrive when kept in shoals of around 6-8.

Diet: An omnivorous diet suits the Hyphessobrycon species, consisting primarily of flake foods with treats of brine shrimp and other live foods.  Due to the size of Hyphessobrycon albolineatum, the food will need to be crushed or finely chopped, as their mouths are so tiny.

Breeding: The difficulty of breeding Hyphessobrycon albolineatum in aquariums is unknown, due to their rarity within the habit.  However, in the wild, they will double their population in less than a year and a half; so perhaps they will be easy to breed in the tank.

You should start by separating a year old male and female into two conditioning tanks.  For three weeks, feed them on insect larvae and Drosophila; then introduce them into the breeding tank.  A 38L tank is more than sufficient for Hyphessobrycon albolineatum.  Ensure the water has a temperature of 24 – 26°C (75 – 79°F), a pH of 5.5 – 6.5, and dH of 2 – 4.  This species requires good, clean water and therefore weekly partial water changes are recommended.  They should be kept in as much dark as possible.  The tank requires only fine-leaved plants and soft filtration (a sponge or foam); do not use substrate.

Once introduced, the pair should spawn three days later.  If they do not, repeat the conditioning process.  They spawn into the leaves of the plants and should be removed immediately after otherwise they will consume the eggs.  The eggs (up to 300 at a time) will hatch about two days later, with free-swimming fry appearing 2-3 days later.  Feed your fry a diet of baby Brine Shrimp and micro-organisms for the first ten days, and crushed flakes after that.

Comments: Suitable for beginners upwards, Hyphessobrycon albolineatum has a high resilience to illness.  They are also easy to feed.

Set up an aquarium with many plants – small-leaved – but leave room for the species to swim about.  Use a dark substrate; not only do Hyphessobrycon albolineatum prefer it, but it will show off the colouration as well.  Soft lighting is a must; use natural lighting and diffuse it with floating plants.

Due to their scarcity within the hobby, there is limited information available on Hyphessobrycon albolineatum.  For this reason, general information pertaining to the Hyphessobrycon species has been included.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: They should live happily with other Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They also should be good tank mates with Discus, Apistogramma‘s like Apistogramma Cacatouides and Apistogramma Borelli, Corydoras Catfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppy and Platy and most Gourami (such as the Blue Gourami and Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also should live happily with most Danio (particularly the Zebra Danio and Pearl Danio)  and also many Killifish could make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2010-04-20 16:42:28. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Mikrogeophagus ramirezi (Ram Cichlid)
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Originally posted 2009-11-07 06:19:28. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Premnas biaculeatus (Gold Stripe Maroon Clownfish)
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Originally posted 2009-11-06 10:36:12. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Originally posted 2009-11-04 22:07:02. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Chaetodon xanthurus (Pearlscale Butterflyfish)
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Originally posted 2009-11-05 22:20:06. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Information will be coming soon

Originally posted 2009-11-05 22:53:36. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Apistogramma Baenschi

Dwarf Cichlids (American Cichlids)
Aqualog Extra: The Latest Apistogramma
South America Cichlids: Keeping & Breeding Them in Captivity (Re-615)

Originally posted 2009-10-21 09:55:55. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Centropyge vroliki (Half Black Pygmy Angel)
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Originally posted 2009-11-07 23:29:34. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Cichlidae

Distribution: Apistogramma velifera is a South American dwarf cichlid, distributed in Venezuela’s Orinoco River system.

PH: 5.5 – 6.5

Temperature: 23°C – 30°C (73°F – 86°F)

Hardness: > 5 dH

Description: There is not much documentation on this species as yet.

Diet: A high quality flake is recommended as part of the Apistogramma velifera’s diet.  Offer blood worms and brine shrimps as an occasional treat.

Breeding: There is not much information available on the breeding habits of Apistogramma velifera.

Comments: Not a great deal is known about this South American cichlid.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species:
Apistogramma can be great community fish and live happily with most Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They are also great tank mates with Discus, Corydoras Catfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppy and Platy and most Gourami (such as the Blue Gourami and Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also can live happily with most Danio (particularly the Zebra Danio and Pearl Danio)  and also many Killifish make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2009-12-15 07:33:21. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Characidae

Distribution: Hyphessobrycon catableptus is endemic to the Essequibo River basin in South America.

PH: 6.0 – 7.5 pH

Temperature: 23 – 28°C (73 – 82°F)

Hardness: 2 – 15 dH

Description: Reaching a length a little below 2cm, if the Hyphessobrycon catableptus is anything like its relatives, it will be peaceful, social and probably active.

The Hyphessobrycon species thrive when kept in shoals of at least 6.  They are ideal tank mates in a community tank.

Diet: The Hyphessobrycon species are omnivores and should be fed a diet that is mostly flake food, with bi-weekly treats of live or frozen foods.

Breeding: Due to their scarcity in the tank, there is limited information available on specific breeding methods for Hyphessobrycon catableptus.  Therefore, the generally-accepted Hyphessobrycon breeding method has been included.

Separate a year-old female and a year-old male into two conditioning tanks.  They should be fed with insect larvae and Drosophila for two-to-three weeks, when they can then be introduced into a breeding tank.  For the smaller species, a 38L tank is sufficient size.

The breeding tank should have a temperature of 24 – 26°C (75 – 79°F), a pH of 5.5 – 6.5, and dH of 2 – 4.  It must be kept consistently clean and in the dark.  It does not require any substrate, simply some fine-leaved plants and soft filtration (such as a foam or sponge).

The pair should spawn within three days – if not, repeat the process.  Hypessobrycon catableptus spawn into the leaves of the plants and should be removed immediately after the eggs (up to 300) are laid.  The eggs will hatch within 2 days, and the fry will be free-swimming a few days after that.  The fry can be fed on micro-organisms and baby Brine Shrimp for the first ten days, and then on crushed flake foods.  The water should be changed weekly, but only partially; changing all the water at once will be too much of a shock.

Comments: As Hyphessobrycon catableptus has been recently discovered, there is a severe lack of information available.  For this reason, general information pertaining to the Hyphessobrycon species has been included.

Generally, this is an easy species to keep and is recommended for beginners.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: They should live happily with other Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They also should be good tank mates with Discus, Apistogramma‘s like Apistogramma Cacatouides and Apistogramma Borelli, Corydoras Catfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppy and Platy and most Gourami (such as the Blue Gourami and Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also should live happily with most Danio (particularly the Zebra Danio and Pearl Danio)  and also many Killifish could make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2010-04-21 01:42:15. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Characidae

Distribution: Like the rest of the Hemigrammus species, these fish are located in South America: specifically, in the Orinoco River basin, Apure River basin, Negro River basin, and in the Essequibo and Demerara Rivers.

PH: 6.3 – 7.1 pH

Temperature: 23 – 26 °C (73 – 79°F)

Hardness: 6 – 14 dH

Description: Growing a maximum length of around 3.5 cm within a tank, they will suit a large community tank.

This species is somewhat uncommon in the hobby and due to the subsequent lack of information it is unknown what colouration they display.

Diet: Due to the scarcity in the hobby, it is unknown what diet they prefer.  Experiment with the diet typical of the Hemigrammus species: quality flake for their staple with occasional live food as a treat.

Breeding: Breeders may experience some difficulty when attempting to get their Hemigrammus aereus to spawn.  Set up a separate breeding tank with dense vegetation and soft lighting.  They require a higher temperature when spawning, as well as softer water (use peat filtration).

The parents will eat the eggs and should be removed immediately after spawning. The eggs will hatch within 24 hours and after a couple of days the fry will be swimming about.  Feed the fry on baby brine shrimp or crushed flake food.

Comments: Perhaps due to the difficulty of breeding, there is little information available on Hemigrammus analis.  Therefore, general information pertaining to the Hemigrammus species has been included.

They like to have plenty of space to swim about in, as well as dense plantation along the edges to hide in.  They also require light diffusion, so include some floating plants.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: They should live happily with other Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They also should be good tank mates with Discus, Apistogramma‘s like Apistogramma Cacatouides and Apistogramma Borelli, CorydorasCatfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppy and Platy and most Gourami(such as the Blue Gouramiand Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also should live happily with most Danio (particularly the Zebra Danioand Pearl Danio)  and also many Killifish could make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2010-04-17 21:46:13. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Cambaridae

Distribution: Procambarus enoplosternum is distributed from the Santee River basin, South Carolina, to the Ogeechee, Savannah and Altamaha River basins in the east parts of Georgia.

PH: 6.5 – 8.0

Temperature: 15 – 27°C (60 – 82°F)

Hardness: Found in soft water in the wild, but can have a higher gH in an aquarium.  No exact figure is given, but this creature is highly adaptable.  (5 – 15 dH)

Description: Procambarus enoplosternum is one of the prettier crayfish going around.  It measures around 10 cm in length and, depending on the region it is found, may have several different patterns.  It may have black stripes or cream coloured tubercles, with a cream or pink-spotted antennae.  Males have longer pincers and gonopods; females have a broader tail than males.

Diet: Procambarus enoplosternum will eat a typical crayfish diet of fishfood, vegetables and leaves.

Breeding: This freshwater-bred species will reproduce in the same fashion as other Procambarus species.  Procambarus enoplosternum will breed early in life; larger females will produce a greater number of eggs.  The maximum amount of eggs will probably be about 80.

Comments: It is advised you keep Procambarus enoplosternum in a 120 litre tank.  This species will not munch upon your plants.  The bigger the tank, the more individuals you can fit in.  This species is not overly aggressive and it is unlikely it will fight its own species.  You should provide hiding places in the form of pot plants and wood.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: Procambarus enoplosternum can be housed with non-aggressive fish and prawns.

Originally posted 2010-01-24 20:05:59. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Atyidae

Distribution: The red Neocaridina heteropoda, or Red Cherry Shrimp, originates from the waters of Taiwan.  The wild form, however, comes from North Vietnam and China.

PH: 6.5 – 8.0

Temperature: 18 – 28°C (64 – 82°F)

Hardness: gH 12

Description: The Red Cherry Shrimp is the most popular shrimp in the hobby, and an excellent species for beginners.  Males will reach 2 cm in length; females can reach up to 3 cm.  Females have a much darker red colour and a curved underbelly.  This selectively bred species has an intense red colouration that can fluctuate in its intensity dependant on mood.  It is possibly the cheapest shrimp in the industry to purchase.

Diet: The Red Cherry Shrimp is not a fussy eater and will go for any typical shrimp food.  It also enjoys vegetables, pellets and bloodworms.  This shrimp loves to eat and if yours are unenthusiastic about food – instead remaining in hiding – then something is probably wrong.

Breeding: Healthy Red Cherry Shrimp are prolific breeders.  This species doesn’t have a larval stage; the female carries her eggs for 3 – 4 weeks and produces young shrimp which measure around 2 mm in length.  This is one of the easiest species to breed.

Comments: This species will do best in a tank with sand substrate, plenty of plantation and roots.  It is one of the most adjustable species to different conditions, although temperatures below 20°C may affect its ability to breed.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: Smaller tetras – Glowlight, Cardinal and Neon, for example – may make good tank mates.  Avoid puffers, loaches and, of course, aggressive cichlids.

Originally posted 2010-01-21 11:32:51. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Information will be coming soon

Originally posted 2009-11-05 07:28:13. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Gasteropelecidae

Distribution: Thoracocharax securis, also known as the Greater Hatchetfish, is a pelagic freshwater species found in the lower Amazon Basin, particularly in lakes, swamps and heavily vegetated ponds.  It is occasionally found in fast-moving, shallow streams.

PH: 6.0 – 7.5

Temperature: 23°C – 30C (73 – 86F)

Hardness: 4 – 15 dH

Description: Thoracocharax securis can reach a maximum length of 9 cm in an aquarium.   It has a convex body, small ventral fins and a straight back.  It is mostly of a silver-white colouration, but its back is olive-brown; it has a green to yellow stripe that extends vertically from its gills down to the base of its tail.

Diet: Thoracocharax securis is a big fan of live foods and can be given glass worms, Daphnia, brine shrimp, bloodworms, mosquito larvae and flake foods.

Breeding: There is no evidence that this species has spawned in captivity as yet; all breeding attempts to date have been unsuccessful.

Comments: Thoracocharax securis should be housed in a 20 gallon tank.  This species will require a solid supply of air.  Decorate your tank as you would for any other types of Hatchetfish; this may include hiding spaces, softer water conditions and plenty of plants, as well as a tightly fitted lid to prevent this jumper from escaping the tank.  This relatively hardy fish requires a moderate level of care and is better suited to experienced hobbyists.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: This peaceful shoaling fish should be kept in groups of three or more, and not with aggressive species.  They will live happily with Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetraand Black Tetra). They are also great tank mates with Discus, Apistogramma‘s like Apistogramma Cacatouides and Apistogramma Borelli, CorydorasCatfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbaiand Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppyand Platyand most Gourami(such as the Blue Gourami and Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also can live happily with most Danio(particularly the Zebra Danioand Pearl Danio)  and also many Killifish make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2010-01-26 21:31:27. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Laetacara dorsigerus (Smiling Acara)
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Originally posted 2009-11-05 21:08:04. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Aequidens rivulatus (Green Terror)
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Originally posted 2009-11-07 05:58:57. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Labridae

Distribution: Halichoeres chloropterus prefer silty sand, rubble bottoms and the shallow sheltered coral reefs and inshore waters of the tropical Western Pacific, Phillipines and Indo-Pacific region.

PH: 8.1 – 8.4

Temperature: 24°C -28°C (75 – 82F)

Salinity: 1.020 – 1.026

Description: The fish of many names, Halichoeres chloropterus is also known as the Green Wrasse, Pastel-green Wrasse, Black Blotched Rainbowfish, Dark blotch Wrasse, Green Spotted Wrasse and Green Coris. An absolutely gorgeous addition to any marine aquarium, the body of a female Green Wrasse is luminescent pale green with a white underbelly, small dark spots on the sides of their body and a thin dark line on the abdomen and pectoral fin base. Male Green Wrasse are similar and have a network of pink spotted bands on its body, and asymmetrical lines of pink and green around the head.

Diet: Green Wrasse are carnivorous and while it prefers live food, it will feed on frozen offerings as well. Provide such tasty treats as fireworms, clams, mysid shrimp, squid, flaked foods, tubeworms, flatworms, scallop clam and other crustacean. Feed your fish at least twice a day.

Breeding: Like other wrasse, Halichoeres chloropterus, can change sex during their life to maintain the balance of dominance in a harem, which consists of a dominant male and multiple females in their natural marine environment. The females release their eggs into the water and the ocean currents take them away. As such, they are notoriously difficult to breed in captivity.

Comments: The peaceful Green Wrasse is suitable for a moderately experienced or expert aquarist. This powerful swimmer needs rockwork, a fine sandy base and caves – all to act as places in which to hide should it become frightened.

Choose at least a 210L (60 gallon) aquarium with a tight-fitting lid, as these fish are excellent leapers. Opt for high light level in your marine tank, and if you wish to keep

more than one per tank, choose one larger fish and the rest smaller – possibly, two females or a male and female.

Tip: If you have just bought a Green Wrasse and it has disappeared, it is probably just hiding or sleeping in the sandy base. Don’t worry; it will reappear when it has acclimatised itself.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species:

Halichoeres chloropterus is a known threat to worms, small snails and crustaceans, although safe with coral, so exercise caution in a reef set up. While Green Wrasse are usually peaceful and happy community marine dwellers, they can get cantankerous with new additions to their aquarium home, so keep an eye on their behaviour.

Depending on the size and temperament of your wrasse, potential tankmates could include the hogfish, parrotfish, pseudochromis, squirrelfish, puffers, tangs and surgeons and live corals.

Originally posted 2010-03-15 20:31:42. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Hemichromis elongatus (Banded Jewel Cichlid)
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Originally posted 2009-11-06 10:24:48. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Melanotaeniidae

Distribution: Duboulay’s Rainbowfish are found abundantly throughout the eastern coastal drainage river systems of northern New South Wales and southern Queensland, specifically from Mullet Creek right through to Hastings River.  Small colonies have also been found on Fraser Island off the Queensland coast in Australia.  Their natural habitat includes freshwater rivers, streams, reservoirs, swamps, and lagoons with dense aquatic vegetation.  They are used to waterways varying significantly in pH and temperature.

PH: 6.5 – 7.5

Temperature: 22°C -25°C (72 – 77F)

Hardness: 5 – 10dH

Description: This pretty Australian native Rainbowfish exhibits the main body and fin colours of red, silver-grey and black with horizontal black and yellow stripes.  Both males and females grow up to 9cm (3.5 inches).

Diet: Feed the omnivorous Duboulay’s Rainbowfish up to twice a day on a nutritious balanced diet of live and processed food.  They thrive very well on high quality flake food.

Breeding: Breeding Duboulay’s Rainbowfish is very easy.  Set up a separate breeding tank with lots of fine leaved plants and warm the water to around 24° – 26° C.  Keep the breeding pair in a species only tank as they will cross breed with other Rainbowfish.  Get the breeding pair into good condition with high quality food.  The eggs will hatch within a week and should be removed to a separate tank to avoid predation.

Comments: Duboulay’s Rainbowfish adapt exceptionally well to a community aquarium as they bring their peaceful, colourful personalities to the fray.  Provide aquatic vegetation, submerged logs and other hiding places to keep your fish happy.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species:

Rainbowfish are a great community species in terms of their temperament and apart from other Rainbowfish species they also live happily with most Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They are also great tank mates with Discus, CorydorasCatfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbaiand Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppyand Platy and most Gourami(such as the Blue Gourami and Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also can live happily with most Danio(particularly the Zebra Danioand Pearl Danio)  and also many Killifish make great tank mates. One thing you should take into consideration when housing rainbows with these recommended species is the water quality. Temperature and Hardness are similar but P.H. can be quite different, although it is not ideal, if you keep your water at a P.H. of 7 this should keep your community happy.

Rainbowfish are schooling fish and should be kept in groups consisting of at least six individuals, preferably no less than 10-15. Mix it up with enough females to give them a rest when the males are on the chase, but provide enough males to bring out their vibrant colours when they are in competition for female attention. Whilst this is beneficial to the health and wellbeing of the fish, a large school is rewarding for the aquarist because a school of iridescent Rainbowfish is more dramatic to the eye than a few shy fish peeking out from behind dense vegetation.

Originally posted 2009-11-22 12:14:30. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Hemichromis sp. Guinea I (Turquoise Head Jewel Cichlid)
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Originally posted 2009-11-05 20:49:37. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Callichthyidae

Distribution: Dianema urostriatum, or Flagtail Catfish, is a species of catfish found in South America’s Amazon River basin, in Brazil.  It is mostly distributed in slow-moving creeks, tributaries, lakes and ponds.

PH: 6.0 – 8.0

Temperature: 25°C – 28°C (77 – 84F)

Hardness: 5 – 19 dH

Description: Dianema urostriatum can reach up to 8 cm in length.  This species has horizontal black and white stripes on its tail fin.  The head and body are a grey-brown colour, while the upper body is covered in small, black spots.  The lower body area is a silver-grey colour; the other fins are a pale tan.  Sexing is difficult, but males tend to have thicker rays in their pectoral fins than female.

Diet: Dianema urostriatum will take most foods given to it.  You can feed it a varied diet of dried sinking pellets, with bloodworms, earthworms and brine shrimp to keep it healthy. 

Breeding: There is not a great deal of information available on the breeding of this species, but you should put a group of 4 – 6 fish together if you are hoping to spawn Dianema urostriatum successfully.  This species is reportedly a bubble nester; large water changes and a lowering of temperature might trigger the spawning.

Comments: A small group of Flagtail Catfish should be kept in a 140 litre tank.  You should provide a sandy substrate with some driftwood and roots to simulate its natural environment, along with some leaves scattered on the water’s surface.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: Dianema urostriatum is very peaceful and can therefore be kept in a community tank with other non-aggressive species. They will live happily with most Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They are also great tank mates with Discus, Apistogramma‘s like Apistogramma Cacatouides and Apistogramma Borelli, Corydoras Catfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppy and Platy and most Gourami (such as the Blue Gourami and Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also can live happily with most Danio (particularly the Zebra Danio and Pearl Danio)  and also many Killifish make great tank mates. It can be kept in small groups in a one-species tank if you desire; this fish is unaggressive towards its own species.

Originally posted 2010-01-17 21:11:28. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Characidae

Distribution: Paraguay and Brazil are the homelands of Hyphessobrycon herbertaxelrodi. The Black Neon Tetra can be found in the Paraguay, Taguary and Amazon River systems.

PH: 6.0 – 7.5 pH

Temperature: 23 – 27 °C (73 – 81 °F)

Hardness: 1 – 7 dH

Description: An average-sized Hyphessobrycon (4.5cm), The Black Neon Tetra is a peaceful tank mate for community or single-species tanks.  They shouldn’t be kept in schools that are less than six (ideally, no less than ten) as they are sociable by nature.

Hyphessobrycon herbertaxelrodi has a base colouration of green-gold and sports two large, thick stripes running from its eye to the base of the caudal fin.  The upper line is a bright, iridescent white, while the one below is black.  The fins of the Black Neon Tetra are mostly transparent with an almost greenish tinge to them.  The upper half of the eye is red, whilst the lower rim is edged with black.

The male Black Neon Tetra is slimmer than the females.

Diet: Another easy fish to feed, Hyphessobrycon herbertaxelrodi will eat almost anything offered to it.  Like the rest of their Hyphessobrycon family, they should have a varied diet as this will ensure they are healthy and the most colourful.  Make sure they have an evenly-balanced diet of flake (or pellet) and frozen meaty foods, as well as occasional live food (such as brine shrimp and worms).

Breeding: Use the generally-accepted Hyphessobrycon breeding method for your Black Neon Tetras.

First separate a male and a female (at least one year old) into two conditioning tanks.  Feed them live foods for about three weeks before introducing them into the breeding tank.  They should breed within 24 hours, but give them three days and, if no eggs appear, repeat the conditioning process.

Remove the parents once they have spawned or you may find they’ve eaten all the eggs.  They will hatch after 24 hours and the subsequent free-swimming fry should be fed Infusoria.  Once they are big enough, start them on baby brine shrimp.

The eggs of Hyphessobrycon herbertaxelrodi are sensitive to light.  Keep the tank is as dark a place as possible.

Comments: The optimum conditions for your Black Neon Tetra include a tank with dim lighting, dense (live) plantation, an open swimming area, dark substrate and moderate water current.  Use peat to filter the water.  This species are vulnerable in poor water conditions, so ensure the water is kept clean.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: They should live happily with other Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They also should be good tank mates with Discus, Apistogramma‘s like Apistogramma Cacatouides and Apistogramma Borelli, Corydoras Catfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppy and Platy and most Gourami (such as the Blue Gourami and Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also should live happily with most Danio (particularly the Zebra Danio and Pearl Danio)  and also many Killifish could make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2010-04-21 05:50:43. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Characidae

Distribution: Hyphessobrycon megalopterus makes its home in the Guapore River and the upper region of the Paraguay River system in Bolivia and Brazil.  They prefer the dense plantation in clear water rivers.

PH: 6.0 – 7.5pH

Temperature: 22 – 28°C (72 – 82°F)

Hardness: 2 – 15 dH

Description: Hyphessobrycon megalopterus is one of the most elegant of their species.  Their bodies are a dark blue-grey colour, with the scales have a dark edging.  Sitting just behind the gills is a large, elongated somewhat-diamond-shaped spot.  This spot is edged by a light silver-blue colour.  The eyes of the Black Phantom Tetra are remarkable, with a single black line running vertically through it.

The finnage of the Black Phantom Tetra is what makes it most distinct amongst the Hyphessobrycon species.  All the fins have black pigmentation (the caudal fins being darkest).  The dorsal fins are fantastic, looking almost like large, flat sea-shells.  They have an iridescent sheen to them, and a somewhat metallic-looking edging.  The anal fin is extended and elongated.  The males will develop a pointed dorsal fin when they have matured; whereas the females finally get an edge in colouration with red or orange edging to their adipose, anal and ventral fins.  The females are, of course, plumper than the males.

When mature, Hyphessobrycon megalopterus will reach 4.5cm.  It should be kept in schools of no less than five.

Diet: A flake-and-pellet staple diet is suitable, with some frozen or live foods (such as brine shrimp or bloodworm) to encourage the best colouration.  Phantom Tetras are remarkably easy to feed as they will accept almost anything you give them.

Breeding: Two conditioning tanks should be established to house a one-year-old male and a one-year-old female.  These should be conditioned on Drosophila and insect larvae for two-to-three weeks, before the duo can be introduced into a 45L breeding tank.  To set up a breeding tank, include many fine-leaved plants and a soft filtration system, but do not use substrate.  Use water with a pH of 5.5 – 6.5, a dH of 2 – 4, and a temperature of 24 – 26°C (75 – 79°F).  It is unknown if the eggs are light-sensitive, so it is best to keep them out of direct sunlight just in case.

It should take three days for the pair to spawn.  If no eggs appear, recondition them.  The eggs will appear in the leaves of the plants and the parents should be removed immediately after spawning as they are cannibalistic.  A little over twenty-four hours after being laid, the eggs will hatch.  The fry will appear few days later and should be fed on an initial diet of micro-organisms and baby Brine, and crushed flake ten days later.

The eggs and fry require partial water changes on a weekly basis as they are susceptible to illness in poor water conditions.  Do not introduce the fry into the community tank until they are large enough to not be a meal.

Hemigrammus loretoensis may be spawned in groups (half a dozen of each sex) or in pairs.  If using groups, follow the same conditioning process only have a tank of six females and a tank of six males.  Then pick the plumpest female and most colourful male.

Comments: This is an easy fish to care for and breed and is therefore suitable for beginners.  It is widely available commercially, but this is only because those specimens are bred in captivity.  The wild-bred varieties are difficult to find.

Because it is commercially-bred, it is best suited a (40L) normal Hyphessobrycon tank that is well-planted, dimly lit and has some room to swim about.  It can also thrive in an Amazonian biotope tank.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: They should live happily with other Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They also should be good tank mates with Discus, Apistogramma‘s like Apistogramma Cacatouides and Apistogramma Borelli, Corydoras Catfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppy and Platy and most Gourami (such as the Blue Gourami and Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also should live happily with most Danio (particularly the Zebra Danio and Pearl Danio)  and also many Killifish could make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2010-04-21 06:40:12. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Parachromis managuensis (Jaguar Cichlid)
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Originally posted 2009-11-05 10:55:46. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Originally posted 2009-11-04 23:28:04. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Originally posted 2009-11-05 04:08:53. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Pleasant Cichlid

Apistogramma Amoena

Dwarf Cichlids (American Cichlids)
Aqualog Extra: The Latest Apistogramma
South America Cichlids: Keeping & Breeding Them in Captivity (Re-615)

Originally posted 2009-10-22 09:25:57. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Amphiprion allardi (Allardi Clownfish)
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Originally posted 2009-11-07 21:13:49. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Characidae

Distribution: Hyphessbrycon meridionalis can be found in the lower region of the Parana River and the coastal basins of the Grande do Sul River in Brazil, South America.

PH: 6.0 – 7.5 pH

Temperature: 22 – 28 °C (72 – 82 °F)

Hardness: 2 – 15 dH

Description: Hyphessobrycon meridionalis is a medium-sized Tetra, reaching 4.6cm in the tank.  They are remarkably rare in the hobby and therefore there is inadequate information available on their specific behaviours and colouration.  If they are anything like their Hyphessobrycon relatives, however, they should be peaceful, active schooling fish that will thrive in a community tank.

Diet: A diet high in flakes or pellets will suit Hyphessobrycon meridionalis, with occasional live food treats.  The species tends to favour bloodworms and insect larvae.

Breeding: As Hyphessobrycon meridionalis is so unusual in the hobby, there are currently no reports of breeding attempts.  If attempting yourself, use a typical Hyphessobrycon methodology: start by setting up two conditioning tanks and put a year old male in one and a year old female in the other.  Feed the duo on live foods for about three weeks and then introduce them into a breeding tank.  The tank should be set up with a warm temperature (around 26°C), soft water, fine-leaved plants and dim lighting.  It is unknown if the eggs are light-sensitive, so it is best to err on the side of caution and keep them in the dark.

The pair should spawn into the leaves within three days.  If this doesn’t happen, repeat the conditioning process.  Remove the parents after spawning before they eat the eggs.

24 hours later and the eggs will begin to hatch.  Feed the free swimming fry on baby brine shrimp.

Comments: It is extremely difficult (nigh impossible) to find Hyphessobrycon meridionalis for sale and therefore there is an extreme scarcity of information available.  For this reason, general information pertaining to the Hyphessobrycon family has been included.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: They should live happily with other Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They also should be good tank mates with Discus, Apistogramma‘s like Apistogramma Cacatouides and Apistogramma Borelli, Corydoras Catfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppy and Platy and most Gourami (such as the Blue Gourami and Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also should live happily with most Danio (particularly the Zebra Danio and Pearl Danio)  and also many Killifish could make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2010-04-21 07:42:26. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Monocirrhus polyacanthus (South American Leaf Fish)
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Originally posted 2009-11-06 21:31:52. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Caridina

Distribution: Caridina serratirostris, better known as Ninja Shrimp, has its origins in the Indo-Pacific region.  It has been seen in the waters of Madagascar, Philippines, Fiji, Japan, Indonesia, Malaysia and French Polynesia.

PH: 7.0 – 8.0

Temperature: 24 – 27°C (75 – 82°F)

Hardness: 10 – 25 gH

Description:  A shy and tiny shrimp – males measure in at a tiny 2 cm in length while females are slightly larger – its name was inspired by Japanese ninja warriors who displayed excellent hiding skills.  The Ninja Shrimp, with its ability to change colour rapidly as a means of camouflage, displays these ninja qualities.  It has been known to take many colours, including red, yellow, black, grey, blue, and brown.  You can expect Caridina serratirostris to live for around 18 months.

Diet: The Ninja Shrimp is omnivorous and will favour algae as its base diet, but will eat normal food as well.

Breeding: Ninja Shrimp reproduce in the form of larval stages, and require salt water conditions.  The larvae will adjust to freshwater, but not immediately.  As such, care must taken when breeding this species in captivity.

Comments: This species love shadows and dark places, so provide hiding spots and cover to simulate its natural environment.  This is not an easy species to maintain – and particularly hard to breed – so it is best suited to those with extensive experience.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: Aggressive fish are out of the question.  Fish with specialised feeding mouths – Ancistrus, for example – may be compatible in the sense they won’t be able to eat the Ninja Shrimp.

Originally posted 2010-01-18 08:02:14. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Characidae

Distribution: 2002 heralded the discovery of Hyphessobrycon diancistrus in the Negro and Orinoco River basins, South America.

PH: 4.5 – 5.5 pH

Temperature: 24 – 28°C (75 – 82°F)

Hardness: 0 – 4 dH

Description: Due to the recency of its discovery, there is little known about Hyphessobrycon diancistrus.  The one solid piece of information is that it reaches a length of 3cm.

If it turns out to be anything like its Hyphessobrycon relatives, this fish will be peaceful, calm and non-territorial.  It will probably also be active and prefer to live in shoals.

Diet: Feed your Hyphessobrycon diancistrus an omnivorous diet, primarily composed of quality flake foods with occasional live or frozen foods such as insect larvae and blood worms.

Breeding: There are currently no successful breeding reports in captivity, but if you’re lucky enough to find this fish and want to give breeding a go, it is recommended you use the general Hyphessobrycon method.

Set up two conditioning tanks, one for a year old male and one for a year old female.  Your two Hyphessobrycon diancistrus should be fed on a diet of Drosophila and insect larvae for two-to-three weeks, before moving them into a 38L breeding tank.  The tank should have a temperature of 24 – 26°C (75 – 79°F), a pH of 5.5 – 6.5, and dH of 2 – 4.  Partial weekly water changes are a must.  Do not use any form of substrate, just fine-leaved plants and a soft filtration system (sponge or foam).

If eggs do not appear within three days of the introduction, repeat the process of conditioning.  When spawning, eggs will appear in the plant leaves.  The parents will eat the eggs, so they should be removed immediately after spawning.  A little over 24 hours later, the eggs will hatch, with the fry swimming free a few days later.  A diet of baby Brine Shrimp and micro-organisms should be used for the first ten days, before switching your fry to crushed flake.

Comments: Due to the fact Hyphessobrycon diancistrus was so recently discovered, there is very little completed information and research.  Because of this, general information pertaining to the Hyphessobrycon species has been included.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: They should live happily with other Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They also should be good tank mates with Discus, Apistogramma‘s like Apistogramma Cacatouides and Apistogramma Borelli, Corydoras Catfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppy and Platy and most Gourami (such as the Blue Gourami and Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also should live happily with most Danio (particularly the Zebra Danio and Pearl Danio)  and also many Killifish could make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2010-04-21 02:00:50. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Nimbochromis linni (Elephantnose Cichlid)
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Originally posted 2009-11-07 22:25:20. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Originally posted 2009-11-07 01:21:04. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Melanochromis auratus
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Originally posted 2009-11-06 10:10:12. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Labridae

Distribution: The marine One-Line Rainbowfish, Cutribbon or Brokenline Wrasse (another fish of many aliases) lives on the coastal to outer reef regions in Japan and Australia in areas of mixed sand, rock and coral.  They live to about 20m depth in small schools.

PH: 8.1 – 8.4

Temperature: 23°C (73 F) – 26°C (79F)

Salinity: 1.020 – 1.025

Description: The Cutribbon Wrasse grow up to 13cm in length.  True to its name, it has an interrupted mid-lateral stripe running from snout to below the eye.  A mixture of yellow, salmon pink, pale silver-blue and dark tones makes this another beauty in the marine world.

Diet: As with all wrasses, Stethojulis interrupta is carnivorous and will take frozen and live offerings.  In the wild, they eat by sorting small animals through mouthfuls of sand, so it is best to mimic this in your tank.  Provide such tasty treats as fireworms, clams, mysid shrimp, squid, flaked foods, tubeworms, flatworms, scallop clam and other small crustacean.

Breeding:

Like other wrasse, Stethojulis interrupta can change sex during their life to maintain the balance of dominance in a harem, which consists of a dominant male and multiple females in their natural marine environment.  The females release their eggs into the water and the ocean currents take them away.  As such, they are notoriously difficult to breed in captivity.

Comments:

Stethojulis interrupta has been known to be semi-aggressive and is recommended for moderate to expert aquarists.  Decorate your marine aquarium with rockwork, a fine, thick layered sandy base and caves in which to hide.  Allow for both high light levels and shaded areas.  It can frighten easily so provide a lot of hiding places and a deep sand bed so that it can retreat when needed.  You will need a medium to large tank to hold this species as it loves deep water and plenty of room in which to swim; at least 113 litres (30 gallons).

Remember that this species may not be reef safe, so exercise necessary caution.

Tip:

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species:

Cutribbon Wrasse can be cantankerous so you will need to bear this in mind when choosing tankmates.  In the wild, it has been found alone and in small groups, so more than one individual is only necessary to bring out colouration and activity.

Depending on the size and temperament of your wrasse, potential tankmates could include the hogfish, parrotfish, pseudochromis, squirrelfish, puffers, tangs and surgeons, and live corals.

Originally posted 2010-03-15 20:02:51. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Poeciliidiae

Distribution: Poecilia latipinna, or Sailfin Molly, is a North American species found from the Cape Fear drainage in North Carolina, to Veracruz, Mexico.  It is distributed in gently flowing, warm water, often in ponds, lakes, and vegetated backwaters.

PH: 6.0 – 7.0

Temperature: 22°C – 24°C (72 – 75F)

Hardness: 4 – 8 dH

Description: Poecilia latipinna can reach up to 11 cm in length.  This peaceful species has a light grey body, but some males may be a green-blue hue.  It has several spots that run along its back, sides and dorsal fin.  It has a distinctive oblong shape, a small, dorsally flattened head and a tiny upturned mouth. Males have an enlarged – and colourful – dorsal fin; females are generally larger and plainer in their colouration.  Female Poecilia latipinnas can live for up to three years if kept correctly; males usually last only one year.

Diet: While primarily a herbivore, Sailfin Molly will accept bloodworms as a special treat.  You can feed it a staple diet of vegetable matter, pellets or flake, with algae wafers on a weekly basis. 

Breeding: Males fertilise the eggs of the female internally; females will have a gestation period of around four weeks.  Broods are usually around 10 – 140, and females may store the male’s sperm long after it dies.  The fry can be given crushed flake or brine shrimp, and will require some plant life for shelter if housed in a community tank.

Comments: Poecilia latipinna will require at least a 20 gallon tank.  You should provide plenty of plants and hiding places for pregnant females.  Sailfin Molly has a preference for slightly brackish waters; it will thrive in this environment. This species is highly recommended to newcomers to the hobby.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: The Sailfin Molly will live happily with most Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They are also great tank mates with Discus, Apistogramma‘s like Apistogramma Cacatouides and Apistogramma Borelli, Corydoras Catfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppy and Platy and most Gourami (such as the Blue Gourami and Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also can live happily with most Danio (particularly the Zebra Danio and Pearl Danio)  and also many Killifish make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2010-01-17 21:17:13. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Atyidae

Distribution: The Blue Pearl Shrimp, a direct relative of the Snowball Shrimp, was selectively bred in Germany by Ulf Gottschalk, a prolific German breeder.

PH: 6.5 – 7.5

Temperature: 23 – 28°C (74 – 82°F)

Hardness: 7 dKH

Description: The Blue Pearl Shrimp has an aesthetically pleasing light-blue colour which was attained only after many years of selective breeding.  This shrimp will range from 2.5 – 3 cm in length, with females slightly larger than males.  Some of these shrimp will have tiny red spots on their body.

Diet: This species will eat algae, but can be fed any typical aquarium food.  It will enjoy vegetables, quality flake, fish pellets and bloodworms.

Breeding: One of the easiest species to breed, the Blue Pearl Shrimp produces in exactly the same way as the Red Cherry Shrimp: no larval stage.  The young will hatch as miniature versions of the adults.  If you keep your tank well maintained, you should have no problems breeding this prolific species.

Comments: Provide aquarium plants, substrate and plenty of space for this species.  Make sure you don’t let any copper into the aquarium, as it is toxic to all dwarf shrimp.  Like the Red Cherry, this species will do best in a tank with sand substrate, plenty of plantation and roots.  Beginners will have no problems with this easy to manage shrimp.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: Similar to the Red Cherry Shrimp in many ways, this species will also be compatible with small tetras, such as Glowlight, Cardinal and Neon.  Avoid puffers, loaches and, of course, aggressive cichlids.

Originally posted 2010-01-21 11:40:03. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Bulolo Rainbowfish

Chilatherina bulolo

Originally posted 2009-11-06 04:48:51. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Characidae

Distribution: The Pacaya River basin in South America is where Hemigrammus luelingi come from.

PH: 5.5 – 7.5 pH

Temperature: 24 – 28°C (74 – 82°F)

Hardness: 7 gdH

Description: Hemigrammus luelingi will grow to around 3cm in captivity.  It will probably demonstrate a similar personality as the rest of the Hemigrammus species: peaceful, active and sociable.

Due to the rarity of this fish in the hobby, there is little documentation available.  Thus, social habits, sexual dimorphism, and colouration are unknown.

Diet: Try an omnivorous diet for your Hemigrammus luelingi.  If they reject live foods, change to a purely herbivorous diet.

Breeding: Due to the fact Hemigrammus luelingi is generally undocumented within captivity, breeding information is unknown.

Comments: As Hemigrammus luelingi is unusual in the hobby, there is a scarcity of information.  Subsequently, general information regarding the Hemigrammus species has been included.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: They should live happily with other Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They also should be good tank mates with Discus, Apistogramma‘s like Apistogramma Cacatouides and Apistogramma Borelli, CorydorasCatfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppy and Platy and most Gourami(such as the Blue Gouramiand Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also should live happily with most Danio (particularly the Zebra Danioand Pearl Danio)  and also many Killifish could make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2010-04-20 14:15:18. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Information on Corydoras concolor “Slate Cory” will be coming soon

Originally posted 2009-12-03 22:02:12. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Information will be coming soon

Originally posted 2009-11-05 00:40:48. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Alpheidae

Distribution: The Purple Zebra Shrimp has its origins in Asia, but its exact distribution is unknown.  It was introduced into the hobby in 2006; almost all Potamalpheops in the hobby have been caught in the wild and exported by locals.

PH: 6.5 – 7.5

Temperature: 23 – 28°C (73 – 82°F)

Hardness: 5 – 15 dH

Description: The Purple Zebra Shrimp is an extremely small species, measuring less than 1 cm.  Despite its diminutive size, this species is quite adaptable to different conditions.  It has a purple colouration; both sexes look the same which can make it difficult to tell them apart.  Females can be sexed thanks to their green saddle or green eggs; this the only way of telling the sexes apart.

Diet: This species will eat anything.   It will accept vegetables – zucchini and spinach are both good choices – along with algae wafers, shrimp pellets, flake, bloodworms and other live foods.

Breeding: So far there is no evidence this species has been bred in captivity.  It requires salt water conditions so it can hatch as larvae and develop properly.  Purple Zebra Shrimp will start out as floating – almost transparent – larvae.  The female will carry the bright green eggs for about three weeks before they hatch into the larvae – a feat that has not yet been accomplished by hobbyists. Given that no evidence of captive breeding has been recorded, you should not feel bad if you cannot breed this species.

Comments: Ensure you keep levels of organic waste to a bare minimum, as high levels will affect the diminutive Purple Zebra Shrimp.  This shrimp will spend a lot of time hiding, so it may not be the best bet for beginners.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: Purple Zebra Shrimp are incredibly small and therefore an easy target for predators.  They are best kept in a one-species tank.

Originally posted 2010-01-24 19:38:29. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Astronotus ocellatus (Tiger Oscar)
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Originally posted 2009-11-06 21:25:03. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Originally posted 2009-11-04 22:53:20. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Originally posted 2009-11-05 06:29:11. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Originally posted 2009-11-04 22:24:41. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Aplocheilidae

Distribution: Like all Epiplatys species, Epiplatys sangmelinensis is common to the inland plateau found in south Cameroon and north Gabon.  Although there are reports of its existence in Equatorial Guinea, they are doubtful.

PH: 6.0 – 6.5 pH

Temperature: 22 – 25°C (72 – 77 °F)

Hardness: 3 – 7 dH

Description: One of the smaller species of Epiplatys, this fish will reach an average size of only 5cm.  Whilst scarce information does not mention colouration, Epiplatys sangmelinensis is identifiable by an off-centre caudal fin.

The male Epiplatys sangmelinensis will be aggressive amongst one another, thus a larger tank that has dense plantation is recommended.  Despite this, this species may be comfortable in a community tank with mid- to bottom-dwellers that demonstrate low aggressiveness and territoriality themselves.

The tank should be filled with soft rainwater and frequent water changes are recommended to keep it clean.

These are not seasonal killifish.

Diet: Information regarding preferred diet is sparse; therefore it is recommended that aquarists experiment with the common Epiplatys diet of high-quality flake and live foods.

Breeding: Unlike some other species of Epiplatys require careful observation of food levels, Epiplatys sangmelinensis requires an abundance of live foods when breeding.  Worms should be avoided, due to the ease of the species to become overweight.

Productivity rates are generally low, even when using fish over 1.5 years of age.  Fry are vulnerable to water pollution and will grow exceedingly slowly.

As there is limited information available on breeding, it is unknown whether the parents or fry are cannibalistic; thus it is recommended that eggs, fry and adults should be separated.

Comments: If looking for a species for a community tank, this fish will be suitable for any level of experience.  If looking for an easy species to breed, or if just starting out with breeding, it may not be suitable.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: Other surface feeders with an aggressive temperament should be avoided.  Instead, try mid- to bottom-dwellers with low aggression levels.  They co-exist within their natural environment with Aphyosemion species and Lamp-Eyes.  They should live happily with Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They also should be good tank mates with Discus, Apistogramma‘s like Apistogramma Cacatouides and Apistogramma Borelli, Corydoras Catfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppy and Platy and most Gourami (such as the Blue Gourami and Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also should live happily with most Danio (particularly the Zebra Danioand Pearl Danio)  and also many other Killifish could make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2010-04-17 12:15:47. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Information will be coming soon

Originally posted 2009-11-07 01:19:13. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Bagridae

Distribution: Bagrichthys hypselopterus, more commonly known as Black Lancer Catfish, is found in the main rivers of Sumatra and Borneo.  It mainly dwells in deep waters with a swift current.

PH: 6.5 – 7.5

Temperature: 23°C -28°C (74 – 84F)

Hardness: 6 – 16 dH

Description: The Black Lancer Catfish measures a sizeable 40 cm in length.  It has a humpbacked appearance which distinguishes it from the other Black Lancer catfish, Bagrichthys macracanthus. Adults of this species are mostly black and will develop a white stripe down their bodies.  The Black Lancer can live from 5 – 8 years.

Diet: These fish aren’t fussy eaters and will accept anything offered to them.  It is nocturnal, however, so you should feed it a nightly serve of vegetable and animals foods, including bloodworms and catfish tablets.

Breeding: Bagrichthys hypselopterus has apparently never been spawned in aquaria, which may be due to its spawning habits in the wild.  This species, like all Bagrichthys species, spawns at the start of the rainy season in flooded forests which are subject to several environmental changes.  The water, given the great deal of rain, becomes softer, while oxygen levels in the water are also raised.  Insects are swept into the rivers which in turn provide a food source and a trigger for reproduction.  As such, this species is very difficult to breed in an aquarium environment.

Comments: Bagrichthys hypselopterus is a large catfish species which should be housed in a tank no less than 100 gallons in volume.  It should be provided with quality water, smooth gravel or a sand substrate to emulate its natural environment.  You should also provide the Black Lancer with plenty of vegetation in your tank.  This species requires some maintenance and is best suited to experienced hobbyists.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: Bagrichthys species should be kept in a tank with non-aggressive fish.  The Black Lancer has a small mouth which makes it an ineffective predator of large fish.  If you choose to put your Black Lancers in a one-species tank, make sure you only put one male in with a group of females.  Males can become territorial towards each other and will fight.

Originally posted 2010-01-05 11:06:14. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Heros efaciatus (Gold Severum)
Information will be coming soon

Originally posted 2009-11-05 20:41:01. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Aplocheilidae

Distribution: Southeastern Sierra Leone, Africa, is the home of Epiplatys josianae.  They are partial to small rivers and brooks, especially under forest cover.  Most specifically, they can be pinpointed to the area around Kenema.

PH: 7.0 pH

Temperature: 18 – 22°C (64 – 72°F)

Hardness: 9 gdH

Description: Unknown – this fish is rare in captivity, and consequently there is a scarcity of information available.  Reports suggest it can mature to a maximum size between 7-8.5cm.

These are not seasonal killifish.

Diet: As this fish is rare in captivity, there is no information available on their specific diet.  It is recommended that a general Epiplatys diet consisting of high-quality flakes and live foods is trialled.

Breeding: Information suggests following a similar breeding method as is performed with Epiplatys fasciolatus, although this species may be more difficult to breed.

Comments: It is possible that Epiplatys josianae is identical to Epiplatys Fasciolatus.

Epiplatys josianae is difficult to keep in aquariums, therefore information is scarce.  For these purposes, general information regarding the killifish species has been included.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: Due to the scarcity of information available, it is unknown how Epiplatys josianae will interact with other species.  They should live happily with Tetra species (particularly the Neon Tetra and Black Tetra). They also should be good tank mates with Discus, Apistogramma‘s like Apistogramma Cacatouides and Apistogramma Borelli, Corydoras Catfish  (particularly Corydoras Sterbai and Corydoras aeneus) Angelfish, Clown loach, the common Guppy and Platy and most Gourami (such as the Blue Gourami and Dwarf Gourami like the Honey Gourami) Also should live happily with most Danio (particularly the Zebra Danioand Pearl Danio)  and also many other Killifish could make great tank mates.

Originally posted 2010-03-31 22:10:38. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Nanochromis parilus (Blue Congo Cichlid)
Information will be coming soon

Originally posted 2009-11-06 09:28:36. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Information will be coming soon

Originally posted 2009-11-04 22:31:28. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Tropheus duboisi
Information will be coming soon

Originally posted 2009-11-06 21:29:15. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Nimbochromis polystigma
Information will be coming soon

Originally posted 2009-11-05 11:54:51. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Labridae

Distribution: The Ring Wrasse is endemic to the marine waters of the Indo-Pacific, including the Red Sea.  Its range stretches out to include South Africa, the Society and Pitcairn islands, north to southern Japan, south to south-eastern Australia and Rapa Island.  It is generally found on the coral reefs and rocky substrates.

PH: 8.0 – 8.5

Temperature: 22°C -26°C (72 – 78F)

Salinity: 1.020 – 1.025

Description: Two different types of colouration are found depending where the Ring Wrasse is from.  In one form, the female is mostly black and the males are mostly green with a blue face.  The other type includes a white central body band. They can grow up to 40cm (15 inches).

Diet: As with all wrasses, the Ring Wrasse is carnivorous and prefers live food.  In the wild it eats small fish and crustacean.  Provide such tasty treats as fireworms, clams, mysid shrimp, squid, flaked foods, tubeworms, flatworms, scallop clam and other crustacean.

Breeding: Like other wrasse, Hologymnosus annulatus, can change sex during their life to maintain the balance of dominance in a harem, which consists of a dominant male and multiple females in their natural marine environment.  The females release their eggs into the water and the ocean currents take them away.  As such, they are notoriously difficult to breed in captivity.

Comments: The semi-aggressive Ring Wrasse is recommended for moderate to expert aquarists.  Decorate your marine aquarium with rockwork, a fine, thick layered sandy base and caves in order to mimic its natural habitat.  Allow for both high light levels and shaded areas.  Large aquariums, about 700 litres (185 gallons), are a must for this fish due to its unpredictable temperament.  Overall they are easy to keep but you must watch them with other fish.

Remember that this species is not necessarily reef safe, so exercise necessary caution.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species:

Due to the potential for aggression and size of the Ring Wrasse, it is best not to include smaller fish tankmates in a community aquarium as they could become food.

Depending on the size and temperament of your wrasse, potential tankmates could include the hogfish, parrotfish, pseudochromis, squirrelfish, puffers, tangs and surgeons.

Originally posted 2009-11-22 11:20:31. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Caridina

Distribution: Caridina multidentata, known simultaneously as the Yamato or Amano Shrimp, is found in Japan’s Yamato River, as well as the waters of Korea and Taiwan.

PH: 6.5 – 7.8

Temperature: 20– 28°C (68 – 82°F)

Hardness: 6 – 10 dGH

Description:  The Amato Shrimp, which measures around 5 cm in length, has red-brown points on its side and a white stripe on its dorsal fin.  Its body has a translucent colouration; females have a longer row of dots which line their body.  The body colour may change dependant on nutrient levels and the quality of your water.

Diet: Caridina multidentata will feed in much the same way as all dwarf shrimp species.  Considering this is one of the larger dwarf shrimps, it should be fed a good supply of food.  Shrimp pellets, zucchini, spinach, blood worms and fish flakes will make up a balanced diet.

Breeding: The Amano Shrimp must be bred in brackish water; if not, the pregnant females will never produce babies.  The shrimp eggs hatch as tiny larvae, which float freely in the water.  These larvae should be dealt with carefully as they are extremely delicate.  Successful captive breeding has occurred in conditions with 24-hour lighting, a temperate of mid-70°F, and gentle aeration.  High temperatures will thwart the development of the larvae.

Comments: This shrimp requires a lot of attention and is only recommended to experienced hobbyists.  Breeding appears to be very difficult and poor water conditions can lead to a high mortality rate.  Amano Shrimp should be given plenty of space so as to avoid overstressing.  This shy species may spend a lot of its time hiding among plants and tank decorations.

Article/Books:

Recommended Compatible Species: The Amano Shrimp has been known to attack smaller fish.  Conversely, you shouldn’t tank this species with larger fish because, like most shrimp, they will be promptly eaten.

Originally posted 2010-01-17 21:43:13. Republished by Blog Post Promoter

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Family: Characidae

Distribution: Hyphessobrycon milleri differs from many of its relatives because it originates from Cental (rather than South) America.  It makes its home in the Motagua River basin.

PH: 6.0 – 7.5 pH

Temperature: 22 – 28 °C (72 – 82 °F)

Hardness: 2 – 15 dH

Description: Hyphessobrycon milleri will only attain a length of 3cm when mature, making it one of the smallest on the scale of the Hyphessobrycon species.  As they are unusual in the hobby, there is limited information available regarding social behaviours, colourations and sexual dimorphism.  If Hyphessobrycon milleri is anything like its relatives, it will be active, peaceful and prefer to be kept in schools of at least six.